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Summary
UPDATE: 07/09/11: This name is a synonym of Vitis vulpina L..
The record derives from WCSP (in review) which reports it as a synonym with original publication details: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 231 1803.
Physical Characteristics
Vitis riparia is a deciduous Climber growing to 15 m (49ft 3in) at a fast rate.
It is hardy to zone (UK) 2 and is not frost tender. It is in flower from May to July, and the seeds ripen from August to September. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers dry or moist soil.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
V. odoratissima. V. vulpina. pro parte.
Habitats
Woodland Garden Sunny Edge; Dappled Shade; South Wall. By. West Wall. By.
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Fruit; Leaves; Sap.
Edible Uses:
Fruit - raw or dried for later use[22, 46, 62, 161, 183]. Juicy and somewhat acid[183]. The taste is best after a frost[101]. The fruit is about 6 - 12mm in diameter[200] and is carried in fairly large bunches[K]. Leaves - cooked[55, 159]. Young leaves are wrapped around other foods and then baked, they impart a pleasant flavour. Young tendrils - raw or cooked[55, 85, 159]. Sap - raw[101, 161]. A sweet flavour, it is used as a drink[183]. The sap can be harvested in the spring and early summer, though it should not be taken in quantity or it will weaken the plant[K].
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
None known
Other Uses
Dye; Rootstock.
A yellow dye is obtained from the fresh or dried leaves[168]. The plant is used as a rootstock for the common grape, V. vinifera, especially in areas where phylloxera disease is prevalent[183].
Cultivation details
Prefers a deep rich moist well-drained moderately fertile loam[1, 200]. Grows best in a calcareous soil[200]. Succeeds in sun or partial shade though a warm sunny position is required for the fruit to ripen[200]. The young growth in spring can be damaged by late frosts. Plants climb by means of tendrils[182]. They grow particularly well into elm trees[18]. Any pruning should be carried out in winter when the plants are dormant otherwise they bleed profusely[182, 200]. Occasionally cultivated for its edible fruit in N. America[46], there are some named varieties[183]. 'Brandt' is of uncertain parentage, probably involving this species, it usually ripens its fruit in S.E. England[11]. Resistant to Phylloxera disease, a disease that almost destroyed the European grape crops. This species can be used as a rootstock in areas where the disease is prevalent and can also be used in breeding programmes with V. vinifera in order to impart resistance to that species[183]. The flowers are powerfully scented of mignonette[245]. Plants in this genus are notably susceptible to honey fungus[200].
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Propagation
Seed - best sown in a cold frame as soon as it is ripe[K]. Six weeks cold stratification improves the germination rate, and so stored seed is best sown in a cold frame as soon as it is obtained. Germination should take place in the first spring, but sometimes takes another 12 months. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle and grow them on in a cold frame for their first winter. Plant out in early summer. Cuttings of mature wood of the current seasons growth, December/January in a frame. These cuttings can be of wood 15 - 30cm long or they can be of short sections of the stem about 5cm long with just one bud at the top of the section. In this case a thin, narrow strip of the bark about 3cm long is removed from the bottom half of the side of the stem. This will encourage callusing and the formation of roots. Due to the size of these cuttings they need to be kept in a more protected environment than the longer cuttings. Layering.
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Found In
Countries where the plant has been found are listed here if the information is available
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
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| Vitis aestivalis argentifolia | Summer Grape | 3 | 0 |
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| Vitis amurensis | Amur River Grape, Amur grape | 2 | 1 |
| Vitis arizonica | Canyon Grape | 2 | 0 |
| Vitis baileyana | Graybark Grape | 2 | 0 |
| Vitis belaii | Grape | 4 | 0 |
| Vitis berlandieri | Spanish Grape | 3 | 0 |
| Vitis californica | California Grape, California wild grape | 2 | 0 |
| Vitis cinerea | Sweet Winter Grape, Graybark grape, Florida grape, Heller's grape | 3 | 0 |
| Vitis cinerea floridana | Currant Grape | 3 | 0 |
| Vitis coignetiae | Crimson Glory Vine | 2 | 0 |
| Vitis cordifolia | Frost Grape | 2 | 0 |
| Vitis davidii | Spiny Vitis | 2 | 0 |
| Vitis flexuosa | | 2 | 1 |
| Vitis girdiana | Valley Grape, Desert wild grape | 2 | 0 |
| Vitis labrusca | Northern Fox Grape, Fox grape | 3 | 1 |
| Vitis labruscana | | 3 | 0 |
| Vitis lanata | Grape | 3 | 1 |
| Vitis monticola | Sweet Mountain Grape | 3 | 0 |
| Vitis munsoniana | Bird Grape, Munson's grape | 3 | 0 |
| Vitis mustangensis | Mustang Grape | 3 | 0 |
| Vitis palmata | Red Grape, Catbird grape | 2 | 0 |
| Vitis parvifolia | | 2 | 1 |
| Vitis romanetii | | 2 | 0 |
| Vitis rotundifolia | Muscadine Grape, Muscadine, Southern Fox Grape, Scuppernong, Muscadine Grape | 3 | 0 |
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Expert comment
Author
Michx.
Botanical References
1143200
Links / References
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