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Summary
Physical Characteristics
Quercus x bebbiana is a deciduous Tree growing to 15 m (49ft) by 8 m (26ft) at a slow rate.
It is hardy to zone (UK) 3 and is not frost tender. It is in flower in May, and the seeds ripen in October. The species is monoecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but both sexes can be found on the same plant) and is pollinated by Wind.
Suitable for: medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and can grow in heavy clay soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought. The plant can tolerates strong winds but not maritime exposure.
It can tolerate atmospheric pollution.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
Habitats
Woodland Garden Canopy;
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Seed
Edible Uses: Coffee
Seed - raw or cooked[183]. The large seeds are sweet and can be eaten out of hand[183]. The seed can be ground into a powder and used in making bread, dumplings etc and as a thickener in soups[183]. If the seed is bitter then this is due to the presence of tannins, these can be leached out by thoroughly washing the dried and ground up seed in water, though many minerals will also be lost. The traditional method of preparing the seed was to bury it in boggy ground overwinter. The germinating seed was dug up in the spring when it would have lost most of its astringency. The roasted seed is a coffee substitute.
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
Astringent
Any galls produced on the tree are strongly astringent and can be used in the treatment of haemorrhages, chronic diarrhoea, dysentery etc[4].
Our new book Edible Shrubs is now available.
Edible Shrubs provides detailed information, attractively presented, on over 70 shrub species. They have been selected to provide a mix of different plant sizes and growing conditions. Most provide delicious and nutritious fruit, but many also have edible leaves, seeds, flowers, stems or roots, or they yield edible or useful oil.
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Other Uses
Repellent Tannin Wood
A mulch of the leaves repels slugs, grubs etc, though fresh leaves should not be used as these can inhibit plant growth[20]. Oak galls are excrescences that are sometimes produced in great numbers on the tree and are caused by the activity of the larvae of different insects. The insects live inside these galls, obtaining their nutrient therein. When the insect pupates and leaves, the gall can be used as a rich source of tannin, that can also be used as a dyestuff[4]. Wood - hard, heavy, strong, tough, very durable, close grained.
Special Uses
Cultivation details
Prefers a good deep fertile loam which can be on the stiff side[11]. Lime tolerant[188]. Succeeds in a hot dry position. Young plants tolerate reasonable levels of side shade[200]. Tolerates moderate exposure, surviving well but being somewhat stunted[200]. A vigorous, fast-growing hybrid species, some forms are capable of reaching 1.5 metres tall in 2 years[183].]. Established plants are drought resistant[229] and tolerant of atmospheric pollution[226]. This species is occasionally cultivated for its edible seed, there are some named varieties[183]. It is a hybrid of garden origin, Q. alba x Q. macrocarpa[183]. Both of its parents prefer warmer summers than are usually experienced in Britain, often growing poorly in this country and failing to properly ripen their wood, resulting in frost damage overwinter[11, 200]. The tree flowers on new growth produced in spring, the seed ripening in its first year[200, 229]. Hybridizes freely with other members of the genus[200]. Plants in this genus are notably resistant to honey fungus[200].
Temperature Converter
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The PFAF Bookshop
Plants For A Future have a number of books available in paperback and digital form. Book titles include Edible Plants, Edible Perennials, Edible Trees, and Woodland Gardening. Our new book to be released soon is Edible Shrubs.
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Propagation
Seed - it quickly loses viability if it is allowed to dry out. It can be stored moist and cool overwinter but is best sown as soon as it is ripe in an outdoor seed bed, though it must be protected from mice, squirrels etc. Small quantities of seed can be sown in deep pots in a cold frame. Plants produce a deep taproot and need to be planted out into their permanent positions as soon as possible, in fact seed sown in situ will produce the best trees[11]. Trees should not be left in a nursery bed for more than 2 growing seasons without being moved or they will transplant very badly. This species is a hybrid and may not breed true from seed[K].
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Found In
Countries where the plant has been found are listed here if the information is available
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
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| Latin Name | Common Name | Habit | Height | Hardiness | Growth | Soil | Shade | Moisture | Edible | Medicinal | Other |
| Quercus acuta | Japanese Evergreen Oak | Tree | 25.0 |
6-9
| M | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Quercus acutissima | Sawthorn Oak | Tree | 5.0 |
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| M | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | 3 |
| Quercus agrifolia | Encina, California live oak, Coast Live Oak | Tree | 15.0 |
8-11
| S | MH | SN | M | 3 | 2 | |
| Quercus alba | White Oak, Hybrid oak | Tree | 20.0 |
3-9
| S | MH | SN | DM | 3 | 2 | 4 |
| Quercus aliena | Oriental White Oak | Tree | 20.0 |
4-8
| | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Quercus aucheri | Boz-Pirnal Oak | Shrub | 5.0 |
7-10
| S | MH | SN | DM | 4 | 2 | 1 |
| Quercus bicolor | Swamp White Oak | Tree | 25.0 |
4-8
| M | MH | SN | MWe | 4 | 2 | 3 |
| Quercus brantii | Barro, Brant's oak | Tree | 8.0 |
7-9
| F | LMH | N | DM | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| Quercus cerris | Turkey Oak, European turkey oak | Tree | 35.0 |
5-9
| F | MH | SN | M | 3 | 2 | |
| Quercus chrysolepis | Live Oak, Canyon live oak | Tree | 25.0 |
8-11
| S | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Quercus coccifera | Kermes Oak | Shrub | 4.0 |
5-9
| | MH | SN | M | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| Quercus coccinea | Scarlet Oak | Tree | 25.0 |
4-8
| M | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Quercus dentata | Japanese Emperor Oak, Daimyo oak | Tree | 20.0 |
4-8
| F | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Quercus douglasii | Blue Oak | Tree | 12.0 |
8-11
| S | MH | SN | DM | 3 | 2 | |
| Quercus durata | California Scrub Oak, Leather oak | Shrub | 4.0 |
7-10
| | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Quercus ellipsoidalis | Northern Pin Oak | Tree | 20.0 |
4-6
| M | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Quercus emoryi | Black Oak, Emory oak | Tree | 12.0 |
6-9
| S | MH | SN | M | 3 | 2 | |
| Quercus engelmannii | Evergreen Oak, Engelmann oak, Mesa Oak | Tree | 10.0 |
8-11
| M | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Quercus falcata | Southern Red Oak, Cherrybark Oak, Spanish Oak, Southern Red Oak | Tree | 25.0 |
7-9
| M | MH | SN | M | 1 | 2 | |
| Quercus floribunda | | Tree | 0.0 |
-
| | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Quercus frainetto | Hungarian Oak, Italian Oak, Forest Green Oak | Tree | 30.0 |
5-8
| F | MH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | |
| Quercus fruticosa | | Shrub | 2.0 |
7-10
| | MH | N | M | 3 | 2 | 2 |
| Quercus gambelii | Shin Oak, Gambel oak, Rocky Mountain White Oak | Shrub | 4.5 |
4-8
| S | MH | SN | DM | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| Quercus garryana | Oregon White Oak, Garry Oak | Tree | 18.0 |
7-9
| S | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Quercus glauca | Ring-cup oak , Ring Cupped Oak, Blue Japanese Oak | Tree | 15.0 |
8-9
| S | MH | SN | M | 3 | 2 | |
| Quercus hispanica | | Tree | 20.0 |
6-9
| | MH | SN | M | 3 | 2 | |
| Quercus ilex | Holly Oak, Evergreen Oak | Tree | 25.0 |
6-10
| S | LMH | SN | M | 5 | 2 | 3 |
| Quercus ilex ballota | Holm Oak | Tree | 25.0 |
6-9
| S | LMH | SN | M | 5 | 2 | |
| Quercus imbricaria | Shingle Oak, Northern Laurel Oak | Tree | 20.0 |
4-8
| M | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Quercus infectoria | Aleppo Oak, Oak | Shrub | 1.8 |
6-8
| M | MH | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
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Expert comment
Author
C.Schneid.
Botanical References
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Subject : Quercus x bebbiana
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