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Physalis_philadelphica - Lam.

Common Name Wild Tomatillo, Mexican groundcherry
Family Solanaceae
USDA hardiness 6-9
Known Hazards All parts of the plant, except the fruit, are poisonous[19, 65].
Habitats Not known in a truly wild situation, it is found as a weed of cultivation.
Range N. America and S. America.
Edibility Rating    (4 of 5)
Other Uses    (3 of 5)
Weed Potential No
Medicinal Rating    (1 of 5)
Care (info)
Fully Hardy Moist Soil Semi-shade Full sun
Physalis_philadelphica Wild Tomatillo, Mexican groundcherry


Physalis_philadelphica Wild Tomatillo, Mexican groundcherry

 

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Summary

Physalis philadelphica, often considered the wild or semi-wild progenitor of the cultivated tomatillo (P. ixocarpa), shares many of the same characteristics and uses, both edible and non-edible. Beyond its culinary role, it serves as a valuable plant in ecological and traditional systems. The flowers attract a range of native pollinators, including specialist bees like Melitoma and Peponapis, making it a useful addition to pollinator-friendly gardens and biodiversity plantings.


Physical Characteristics

 icon of manicon of flower
Physalis_philadelphica is a ANNUAL growing to 0.6 m (2ft).
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 7 and is not frost tender. It is in flower from July to September, and the seeds ripen from August to October. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.

UK Hardiness Map US Hardiness Map

Synonyms

P. aequanta. Jacq.

Plant Habitats

Edible Uses

Fruit - raw or cooked[2, 50, 105]. A delicious flavouring when used like a tomato and added to soups, stews etc[K]. The plant conveniently wraps up each fruit in its own 'paper bag' (botanically, the calyx) to protect it from pests and the elements. This calyx is toxic and should not be eaten. The fruit can be stored for up to a year if picked before they are fully ripe and left inside their calyx.

References   More on Edible Uses

Medicinal Uses

Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.


The juice from the berries has been used as an eyewash[257].

References   More on Medicinal Uses

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Other Uses

Physalis philadelphica, often considered the wild or semi-wild progenitor of the cultivated tomatillo (P. ixocarpa), shares many of the same characteristics and uses, both edible and non-edible. Beyond its culinary role, it serves as a valuable plant in ecological and traditional systems. The flowers attract a range of native pollinators, including specialist bees like Melitoma and Peponapis, making it a useful addition to pollinator-friendly gardens and biodiversity plantings. It also has potential as a trap crop in integrated pest management systems, diverting pests away from more vulnerable solanaceous crops like tomatoes and eggplants. The plant produces a good amount of biomass, which can be used for mulch or compost, contributing to soil health and fertility. In Mexican traditional medicine, P. philadelphica has been used for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, with applications such as herbal teas and topical treatments for skin conditions. While scientific studies are limited, its ethnobotanical use is well-documented in some regions. The plant’s papery husks also have occasional cultural applications, such as in natural dyes or educational displays. Taken together, Physalis philadelphica represents a multifunctional species with potential roles in agroecology, traditional medicine, and ecological gardening.

Special Uses

References   More on Other Uses

Cultivation details

Succeeds in any well-drained soil in full sun or light shade[200]. Cultivated for its edible fruit in the Ukraine[50]. There are some named varieties[183, 200]. 'Purple de Milpa' has small purple-tinged fruits with a sharp flavour, they keep well[200]. Closely related to P. ixocarpa, this is probably the wild species that P. ixocarpa was derived from in cultivation[170].

References   Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information

Temperature Converter

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Plant Propagation

Seed - sow March/April in a greenhouse only just covering the seed. Germination usually takes place quickly and freely. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots of fairly rich soil when they are large enough to handle and plant them out after the last expected frosts. Consider giving them some protection such as a cloche until they are growing away well. Diurnal temperature fluctuations assist germination[170].

Other Names

If available other names are mentioned here

Wild Tomatillo, Mexican groundcherry.

Native Range

NORTHERN AMERICA: Mexico (Zacatecas, Aguascalientes, Jalisco) SOUTHERN AMERICA: Guatemala, El Salvador

Weed Potential

Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section. Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it's worth checking.

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :

Related Plants
Latin NameCommon NameHabitHeightHardinessGrowthSoilShadeMoistureEdibleMedicinalOther
Physalis philadelphicaWild Tomatillo, Mexican groundcherryAnnual0.6 6-9  LMHSNM413

Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.

 

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Expert comment

Author

Lam.

Botanical References

170200

Links / References

For a list of references used on this page please go here

Readers comment

   Jul 14 2012 12:00AM

My goal was to try a dozen plants. .... Next year for sure two dozen!!! I'll try from seed and start my own!! Beautiful plant,...just learned that the plant itself is poisonous- good to know. Easy to grow! Beautiful, God Bless the Mexicans for sharing their salsas. Good Luck to all that try! I watered one during the heat, it rusted out around the bottom,... I was looking for a cure here on this site. But I still have 11 very well grown plants...... I'd like a whole field though. Beautiful plant indeed!

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