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Summary
Physical Characteristics
Payena leeri is an evergreen Tree growing to 30 m (98ft) by 25 m (82ft) at a medium rate.
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 10.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers moist soil.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
Azaola leerii Teijsm. & Binn. Ceratophorus leerii (Teijsm. & Binn.) Hassk. Hapaloceras arupa Hassk. Hapaloceras leerii (Teijsm. & Binn.) Hassk. Isonandra benjamina de Vriese Isonandra lamponga Miq. Keratephorus leerii (Teijsm. & Binn.) Hassk. Madhuca leerii (Teijsm. & Binn.) Merr. Payena benjamina (de Vriese) Pierre Payena croixiana Pierre Payena lamponga (Miq.) Burck
Plant Habitats
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Fruit
Edible Uses:
Fruit - raw[317 , 892 ]. A sweet flavour[892 ].
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
None known
References More on Medicinal Uses
Other Uses
A gutta-percha of good quality is obtained from the plant[46 , 345 ]. Gutta-percha is a natural latex obtained from the sap of the tree. Allowing this fluid to evaporate and coagulate in the sun produces a hard and durable latex which can be made flexible again with hot water, but which does not become brittle. Prior to the advent of synthetic materials, gutta-percha had a wide range of uses - most particularly as an insulating material for electricity wiring and for underwater telegraph wires, a purpose for which it is very well suited since it is bio-inert and so is not attacked by marine plants or animals. Gutta-percha can be moulded into any shape and has been used to make items such as ornate furniture, pistol grips, acid-resistant receptacles and ‘mourning’ jewellery, where its dark colour was an advantage. It has been widely used as the core of golf balls and is still used in modern dentistry where its bio-inertness makes it ideal as a temporary filling for teeth and as a filling material inside tooth fillings[46 , 418 ]. The wood is used for house building[467 ].
Special Uses
Carbon Farming
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
Regional Crop Management: Standard Industrial Crop: Hydrocarbon
A plant of the lowland moist tropics. In a plantation in West Java trees of P. leerii flower and fruit already at an age of about 7 years. Although the tree can be found flowering and fruiting year-round, major flowering time is April-August in Malesia. The yield of gutta-percha of P. leerii is generally low: only 60-270 g of gutta-percha could be obtained from felled trees of 17-26 cm in diameter. Tapping trials gave only 3-22 g of gutta-percha per tree.
Carbon Farming
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Regional Crop
These crops have been domesticated and cultivated regionally but have not been adopted elsewhere and are typically not traded globally, Examples in this broad category include perennial cottons and many nuts and staple fruits.
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Management: Standard
Plants grow to their standard height. Harvest fruit, seeds, or other products. Non-Destructive management systems.
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Industrial Crop: Hydrocarbon
Materials, chemicals and energy include bioplastics, rubber, biomass products gasoline, jet fuel, diesel, butane, propane, biogas. Plants are usually resprouting plants and saps.
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
Temperature Converter
Type a value in the Celsius field to convert the value to Fahrenheit:
Fahrenheit:
Plant Propagation
P. leerii can be propagated by seed; propagation by cuttings is possible but difficult. Seed loses its viability in 2(-8) weeks and should be sown in deep nursery beds, as the seedlings form a well-developed taproot. Young plants need shade and plenty of water.
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Balam chabe, Balam pipi, Balam sonte, Balam sundek, Beringin, Getah sundek, Jiput beringi, Kolan, Kulan, Mergatahan, Nyatu, Pohon balam beringin, Pohon balam suntei, Semaram, Surin, Tembaga
Native Range
TROPICAL ASIA: Myanmar, Indonesia (Kalimantan, Sumatera), Malaysia (Malaya), Philippines (Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Mimaropa (Region IV-B), Mindanao)
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not
in your area so it's worth checking.
None Known
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status : This taxon has not yet been assessed
IUCN Red List
Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
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Expert comment
Author
(Teijsm. & Binn.) Kurz
Botanical References
Links / References
For a list of references used on this page please go here
A special thanks to Ken Fern for some of the information used on this page.
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