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Summary
Bullet blazingstar is a showy wildflower native to the dry landscapes of western North America. It belongs to the Mentzelia genus, a group of plants commonly known as blazingstars or stickleafs because of their bright flowers and rough, adhesive foliage. The plant grows in open, sunny habitats, including sandy and gravelly soils, rocky slopes, desert scrub, and dry grasslands. It is well adapted to seasonal drought and relatively poor soils. Bullet blazingstar produces attractive golden-yellow flowers followed by dry, cylindrical seed capsules containing numerous small, flattened seeds. The seeds are lens-shaped, winged, and somewhat papery, resembling wheat bran. The seeds are edible and can be lightly toasted or processed into meal. When toasted, they develop a pleasant aroma reminiscent of pancakes, although their flavor is less distinctive. The plant can produce numerous capsules, making it a potentially useful seasonal seed resource. However, separating the small seeds from the dry capsules requires patience. Bullet blazingstar is also valuable as a native wildflower, contributing to pollinator habitat and the biodiversity of dry western landscapes.
Physical Characteristics

Mentzelia_pumila is a BIENNIAL growing to 0.6 m (2ft) by 0.2 m (0ft 8in) at a medium rate.
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 5. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Bees, insects.
It is noted for attracting wildlife.
Suitable for: light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in nutritionally poor soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
Bartonia pumila (Torr. & A.Gray) Nutt. ex Jacks. Hesperaster pumila (Torr. & A.Gray) Cockerell. Mentzelia pumila var. genuina Urb. & Gilg. Nuttallia pumila (Torr. & A.Gray) Greene. Touterea pumila (Torr. & A.Gray) Rydb.
Plant Habitats
Edible Uses
Bullet blazingstar is an attractive native wildflower with reportedly edible seeds [2-3]. Toasting the seeds produces a pleasant, pancake-like aroma, although separating the small, papery seeds from their capsules requires considerable effort. The plant is also valuable for its attractive yellow flowers and its adaptation to dry, open landscapes. However, modern taxonomic changes create uncertainty about whether historical edible-use observations refer to Mentzelia pumila as currently recognized. For this reason, its food value should be considered promising but not fully verified for the narrowly defined species. The seeds are the edible part of the bullet blazingstar [2-3]. They are small, flat, lens-shaped, and surrounded by thin wings that give them a papery appearance. The seeds are light tan and somewhat similar to wheat bran. They can be gathered from mature capsules, cleaned, and lightly toasted. Grinding into meal is another possible preparation, following the general methods used for edible blazingstars. The seeds are a good wild food resource [2-3]. The leaves, stems, flowers, and roots are not established as edible and should not be considered food without further evidence [2-3]. Edibility Rating: 3 out of 5 – Moderately useful edible seed plant. Bullet blazingstar produces edible seeds with a pleasant toasted aroma and acceptable flavor. The plant can produce numerous capsules, and collecting them is relatively straightforward. However, the seeds are small, flat, and winged, and separating them from capsule fragments is time-consuming. The rating reflects the favorable field assessment while recognizing the considerable processing effort required. Taste and Preparation: Bullet blazingstar seeds have a pleasant aroma when lightly toasted. This aroma is almost identical to pancakes. However, the flavor is less impressive than the aroma. Although the seeds taste good, they are not as flavourful as pancakes. Their texture is somewhat papery because thin wings surround each seed [2-3]. Gathering the Seeds: Bullet Blazingstar produces numerous dry, tan, papery capsules. Each capsule contains multiple seeds, and a single plant can produce many capsules. Gathering the capsules is relatively easy, but separating clean seeds from the dry plant material is more difficult. The capsules should be fully dry before harvesting. If collected while still slightly moist, they resist crumbling and are difficult to process. Even when completely dry, the capsules retain some flexibility. You can rub or break the capsules to release the seeds, then carefully screen or winnow them to remove debris. Toasting: Light toasting improves the seeds' aroma. The resulting fragrance is reminiscent of freshly cooked pancakes. Toasting should be gentle because the seeds are small and can scorch with excessive heat. You can eat the toasted seeds as a snack or incorporate them into other foods. Grinding: Cleaned seeds may be ground into meal and used in cooked dishes. However, detailed traditional recipes specifically documented for Mentzelia pumila are limited. Seed Quality: Before preparing the seeds, inspect them carefully for signs of insect infestation. Discard seeds showing discoloration, holes, webbing, or other evidence of damage. Seasonality: Bullet blazingstar generally flowers from May to August, depending on elevation, rainfall, and local growing conditions. Seed capsules develop following flowering and mature during summer and early autumn. The best time to gather seeds is when the capsules have dried completely and become tan and papery. Seed production can vary considerably between years, particularly in arid environments where plant growth depends on seasonal rainfall. Traditional Uses: Bullet blazingstar belongs to a genus with a substantial history of traditional seed use among Indigenous peoples of western North America. People traditionally gathered and processed seeds from several Mentzelia species into flour, porridge, seed butter, and other foods. Direct field observations support its edible use by describing the flavor, aroma, and preparation of its seeds. The plant should therefore be described as a documented edible seed resource rather than a confirmed traditional staple food [2-3]. Safety: Correct species identification is essential because the name Mentzelia pumila has historically been applied to several related plants. Some members of the Mentzelia genus, including ten-petal blazingstar (Mentzelia decapetala), have been reported to accumulate selenium. This does not establish that bullet blazingstar accumulates dangerous concentrations of selenium, but it shows why edible uses should not automatically transfer between species. We do not have detailed nutritional or toxicological analyses of bullet blazingstar seeds. Avoid gathering seeds from contaminated soils, mining areas, chemically treated land, or polluted roadsides. The rough, hooked hairs covering the leaves and stems can cling to clothing and skin and may cause mechanical irritation. Inspect harvested seeds for insect damage, discoloration, holes, or webbing before use [2-3]. Seed - raw or cooked. They are parched and ground into a meal[207]. This use has not been verified[216].
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
The plant is used as a toothache medicine[216]. The root is laxative[257]. It is dried, ground into a powder and inserted as a suppository in the rectum to treat constipation[257].
References More on Medicinal Uses
Other Uses
Bullet blazingstar may suit native wildflower gardens, dryland landscaping, and ecological restoration projects within its natural range. Its yellow flowers make it an attractive ornamental species, particularly in naturalistic dryland gardens. For conservation plantings, obtain seeds from correctly identified populations within the species' accepted native range. Bullet blazingstar contributes to native wildflower diversity in dry western landscapes. Its yellow flowers contain numerous stamens and provide pollen for visiting insects. Like other blazingstars, it is likely to attract native bees and other pollinators, although detailed species-specific pollination records are limited. Its seeds may also feed small seed-eating animals. The plant contributes to dry grassland, shrub-steppe, and open juniper woodland vegetation.
Special Uses
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
Bullet blazingstar grows best in full sun and well-drained sandy, gravelly, or rocky soils. It is well adapted to dry, exposed environments with relatively low soil fertility. The species occurs in desert scrub, dry grasslands, rocky slopes, and open habitats. Seasonal rainfall supports germination and early growth. Established plants tolerate periods of drought and generally perform best where competition from taller vegetation is limited. Heavy, persistently wet soils are unsuitable. Habitat: Bullet blazingstar is native to western North America. With a broad distribution from Arizona to Texas, extending northward into Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming. It occurs in open, dry habitats, including sandy and gravelly plains, rocky hillsides, desert scrub, and dry grasslands. However, historical botanical treatments have sometimes confused Mentzelia pumila with related species, particularly Mentzelia multiflora and Mentzelia longiloba. Consequently, interpret older distribution records cautiously. USDA Hardiness Zones: USDA Zones 4–8 (approximate). Bullet blazingstar is a biennial adapted to dry landscapes with cold winters and warm summers. Its occurrence in Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado suggests that it can tolerate substantial winter cold, particularly when established in well-drained soils. Because the plant is biennial, surviving winter in the vegetative stage matters more than the longevity of its flowering stems. This zone range is an ecological estimate, not a verified species-specific horticultural classification. Growth Rate: Moderate. Bullet blazingstar is generally a biennial plant. It establishes a basal rosette and substantial root system before producing flowering stems. During favorable conditions, flowering stems can develop relatively quickly. Growth depends on seasonal moisture, temperature, and soil conditions. The species generally completes its life cycle over two growing seasons. Mature Size: Height: approximately 20–60 cm (8–24 inches). This range is supported by the Montana Natural Heritage Program's botanical description of dwarf mentzelia. Spread: Variable. The plant is generally upright, with branching concentrated toward the upper stem. The botanical references consulted did not establish a reliable mature width. The overall growth habit is often described as candelabra-shaped, with upward-directed branches arising from a central stem. Cultivation: Bullet blazingstar may suit native wildflower gardens, dryland landscaping, and ecological restoration projects within its natural range. It prefers full sun and well-drained sandy, gravelly, or rocky soils. The species can also grow in clayey soils with adequate drainage. Because it is biennial, plants may develop vegetatively during their first growing season and flower during the second. Its yellow flowers make it an attractive ornamental species, particularly in naturalistic dryland gardens. For conservation plantings, obtain seeds from correctly identified populations within the species' accepted native range. Identification: Bullet blazingstar is an upright biennial herb with a central stem and ascending branches. The stems are generally pale or whitish and covered with rough hairs. The leaves are simple and alternate, with narrow blades and deeply toothed or lobed margins. The rough leaf surfaces contain specialized hairs that readily cling to clothing and skin. Flowers: The flowers are golden yellow and often appear to have ten petals. In reality, they have five true petals and five outer stamens modified into petal-like structures. Flora of North America records true petals approximately 7.6–12.3 mm long. The petal tips are generally pointed, although occasionally rounded. Fruits and Seeds: The fruits are cylindrical capsules approximately 10.8–20 mm long and 5.3–7.6 mm wide. They taper toward the base and lack prominent longitudinal ridges. Seeds are small, flattened, lens-shaped, and winged. They are light tan and have a somewhat papery texture resembling wheat bran. These characteristics are important for identification, although additional botanical features may be required to distinguish related species. Similar Species: Dune blazingstar (Mentzelia multiflora) is particularly similar. Dune blazingstar has more rounded petal tips and slightly shorter capsules. Both species produce flattened, winged seeds. Long-lobed blazingstar (Mentzelia longiloba) is important because some historical records of M. pumila may refer to this or other related species. Smoothstem blazingstar (Mentzelia laevicaulis) is generally larger and has much larger golden-yellow flowers. Its seeds are also flattened and winged. Whitestem blazingstar (Mentzelia albicaulis) differs in its smaller flowers and grain-shaped seeds with irregular ridges and pointed surface bumps. Correct identification may require examining the leaves, flowers, capsules, and mature seeds together. Important Taxonomic Note: Modern botanical references recognize Mentzelia pumila more narrowly than many older regional floras. Flora of North America treats the species as occurring primarily in Wyoming and adjacent areas of Colorado and Montana, rather than throughout the American Southwest. Kew's Plants of the World Online also recognizes it as a biennial native to these three states. NatureServe explains that older treatments included plants now recognized as Mentzelia lagarosa and Mentzelia procera. The edible seed observations from Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and other southwestern locations may concern plants formerly identified as M. pumila but now assigned to different species. The seed observations remain useful historical field information, but they should not be attributed with certainty to M. pumila under its modern taxonomic definition.
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
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Plant Propagation
Bullet Blazingstar reproduces by seed. Seeds develop inside cylindrical capsules that mature after flowering. Direct sowing into well-drained soil is a reasonable propagation approach. The plant develops a substantial taproot, which can make established plants difficult to transplant. Seeds may benefit from exposure to natural seasonal temperature and moisture changes, although the sources consulted do not clearly define specific dormancy requirements.
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Bullet blazingstar, desert blazingstar, golden blazingstar, dwarf blazingstar, bullet stickleaf.
Native Range
NORTHERN AMERICA: United States (Colorado, Montana, Wyoming, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah), Mexico (Coahuila de Zaragoza, Sonora)
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not
in your area so it's worth checking.
Low. Bullet blazingstar is a native North American wildflower and is not generally recognized as an invasive environmental weed within its natural range. It may establish on disturbed ground, particularly where soils are open and competition from surrounding vegetation is limited. However, its occurrence in disturbed habitats does not necessarily indicate invasive behavior. Its potential to spread outside its native range is poorly documented.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
IUCN Red List
Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
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Author
(Nutt.)Torr.&A.Gray.
Botanical References
Links / References
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