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Summary
Form: Columnar, Pyramidal.
Physical Characteristics
Juniperus is an evergreen Tree growing to 6 m (19ft 8in) at a slow rate.
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 7. It is in leaf all year, and the seeds ripen in October. The species is dioecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if seed is required). and is pollinated by Wind. The plant is not self-fertile.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in very alkaline soils.
It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
Plant Habitats
Edible Uses
Fruit - raw or cooked. The cones are about 6 - 8mm in diameter[200], they are thin-skinned sweet, juicy and resinous[82, 229].
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
None known
References More on Medicinal Uses
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Other Uses
Wood - close-grained, hard, durable, slightly fragrant, light and easily worked[82, 229]. The wood is not large enough nor common enough for commercial production, though it is used locally for fencing posts, telegraph poles railroad ties and fuel[82, 229].
Special Uses
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
Landscape Uses:Screen, Specimen, Street tree. Succeeds in most soils if they are well drained, preferring a neutral or slightly alkaline soil[1, 11, 200]. Established plants are drought tolerant, succeeding in hot dry positions[200]. They require a sheltered position in full sun[81]. This species is only hardy in the milder areas of Britain[81]. A slow-growing plant, though it may live for 200 - 350 years in good conditions[229]. Fruit production is cyclic, a year of heavy crops being followed by 1 - 2 years of light crops[229]. The seed ripens in its first year[229]. Dioecious. Male and female plants must be grown if seed is required. Special Features:
Attracts birds, North American native, Fragrant foliage, Inconspicuous flowers or blooms.
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
Temperature Converter
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Plant Propagation
The seed requires a period of cold stratification. The seed has a hard seedcoat and can be very slow to germinate, requiring a cold period followed by a warm period and then another cold spell, each of 2 - 3 months duration[78, 81]. Soaking the seed for 3 - 6 seconds in boiling water may speed up the germination process[11]. The seed is best sown as soon as it is ripe in a cold frame. Some might germinate in the following spring, though most will take another year. Another possibility is to harvest the seed 'green' (when the embryo has fully formed but before the seedcoat has hardened). The seedlings can be potted up into individual pots when they are large enough to handle. Grow on in pots until large enough, then plant out in early summer. When stored dry, the seed can remain viable for several years[1]. Cuttings of mature wood, 5 - 10cm with a heel, September/October in a cold frame. Plant out in the following autumn[1, 78]. Layering in September/October. Takes 12 months[78].
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Native Range
NORTHERN AMERICA: United States (Missouri (south), Oklahoma, Arkansas, Texas), Mexico (Coahuila de Zaragoza)
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
| Related Plants
|
| Latin Name | Common Name | Habit | Height | Hardiness | Growth | Soil | Shade | Moisture | Edible | Medicinal | Other |
| Juniperus ashei | Ashe Juniper, Mountain Cedar | Tree | 6.0 |
7-9
| S | LMH | N | DM | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Juniperus californica | Californian Juniper, Chuperosa | Tree | 12.0 |
8-10
| S | LMH | N | DM | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Juniperus chinensis | Chinese Juniper, Sargent juniper | Tree | 15.0 |
4-10
| S | LMH | N | DM | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| Juniperus communis | Juniper, Common juniper | Shrub | 9.0 |
4-10
| S | LMH | SN | DM | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Juniperus communis nana | Juniper | Shrub | 0.5 |
4-10
| S | LMH | SN | DM | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Juniperus conferta | Shore Juniper | Shrub | 0.2 |
6-10
| S | LMH | SN | DM | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| Juniperus deppeana | Alligator Juniper | Tree | 18.0 |
7-9
| S | LMH | N | DM | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| Juniperus drupacea | Syrian Juniper | Tree | 15.0 |
6-9
| M | LMH | N | DM | 3 | 0 | |
| Juniperus excelsa | Grecian Juniper | Tree | 20.0 |
5-9
| | LMH | N | DM | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Juniperus horizontalis | Creeping Juniper, Horizontal Juniper | Shrub | 1.0 |
4-9
| M | LMH | N | DM | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Juniperus monosperma | One-Seed Juniper | Tree | 18.0 |
4-8
| M | LMH | N | DM | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| Juniperus occidentalis | Western Juniper | Tree | 18.0 |
4-8
| S | LMH | N | DM | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| Juniperus osteosperma | Desert Juniper, Utah juniper | Tree | 12.0 |
4-8
| S | LMH | N | DM | 2 | 2 | 3 |
| Juniperus oxycedrus | Prickly Juniper, Cade juniper | Tree | 15.0 |
8-10
| M | LMH | N | DM | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Juniperus recurva | Himalayan Juniper | Tree | 12.0 |
6-9
| S | LMH | N | M | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Juniperus rigida | Temple Juniper, Needle Juniper | Tree | 8.0 |
6-7
| S | LMH | N | DM | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Juniperus sabina | Savine, Tam Juniper | Shrub | 4.0 |
4-7
| S | LMH | N | DM | 0 | 2 | 4 |
| Juniperus scopulorum | Rocky Mountain Juniper, Weeping Rocky Mountian Juniper, Colorado Red Cedar | Tree | 10.0 |
3-7
| S | LMH | N | DM | 3 | 2 | 4 |
| Juniperus silicicola | Southern Redcedar, Juniper, Southern Red Cedar | Tree | 20.0 |
7-10
| S | LMH | N | DM | 2 | 2 | 3 |
| Juniperus squamata | Flaky Juniper | Shrub | 4.0 |
4-7
| S | LMH | N | DM | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Juniperus tetragona | | Tree | 0.0 |
7-10
| | LMH | N | DM | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Juniperus virginiana | Pencil Cedar, Eastern redcedar, Southern redcedar, Silver Cedar, Burk Eastern Red Cedar, Silver East | Tree | 20.0 |
3-9
| S | LMH | N | DM | 2 | 2 | 4 |
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Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
Expert comment
Author
Buchholz.
Botanical References
200
Links / References
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