None known

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Antirheumatic  Kidney  Malaria  Ophthalmic  Stimulant  Tonic

The bark is used in traditional medicine[ 299 ]. It is used to treat malaria and is claimed to heal peptic ulcers[ 299 ]. The bark sap is taken internally, or used as a wash, to treat stomach-ache and kidney pain[ 299 ]. It is massaged in to the affected joints to relieve rheumatism, and it is dropped into the eyes to treat eye inflammations and into the ear to treat otitis[ 299 ]. A massage with a bark maceration is considered useful as tonic and stimulant[ 299 ]. The charred and pulverized bark, mixed with salt and palm oil, is rubbed into scarifications to treat headache[ 299 ]. Research has shown the presence of a range of medically active substances in the bark, including the lactone entandrophragmin, tetranortriterpenoids called utilins, heptanortriterpenoids called entilins, methyl angolensate and an ergosterol derivative[ 299 ] An aqueous bark extract has shown significant protection against peptic ulcers[ 299 ]. This supports the traditional medicinal use of the bark against peptic ulcers in Nigeria[ 299 ]. Bark extracts have shown fungicidal activity against Pyricularia oryzae[ 299 ]. Some entilins have shown moderate in-vitro antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum[ 299 ].

Charcoal  Fuel  Fungicide  Furniture  Wood

Other Uses: The fruit valves have been used as spoons[ 299 ]. The seeds contain 30 - 54% of fat by weight[ 299 ]. The fatty acid composition is characterized by the presence of about 30% cis-vaccenic acid, a rare isomer of oleic acid that can be used in the industrial production of nylon-11[ 299 ]. The main fatty acid is linolenic acid (46%)[ 299 ]. The heartwood is reddish brown to purplish brown with moiré shades; it is distinctly demarcated from the 2 - 6cm wide band of pinkish white to pale brown sapwood. The grain is slightly interlocked and irregular; texture moderately fine; when seasoned it has a faint cedar-like smell. The wood is moderately heavy; soft to moderately hard; moderately durable, being moderately resistant to powder-post beetle, pinhole borer, termite and marine borer attacks. It air dries somewhat slowly, and may be liable to splitting and distortion; once dry, it is moderately stable in service. The wood saws and works fairly easily with both hand and machine tools, with only slight blunting effects on cutting edges; finishing usually gives good results, with a nice polish, but the use of a filler may be needed; it is not liable to splitting in nailing and screwing, with good holding properties; gluing, staining and polishing properties are satisfactory, but the steam bending properties are poor. The wood is highly valued for exterior and interior joinery, interior trim, panelling, stairs, furniture, cabinet work, ship building, veneer and plywood. It is suitable for construction, flooring, vehicle bodies, boxes, crates, carvings and turnery[ 299 , 848 ]. The bole is traditionally used for dug-out canoes[ 299 ]. Wood that can not be utilized as timber may be used as firewood and for charcoal production[ 299 ].

Special Uses