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Summary
Physical Characteristics
Brassica napus pabularia is a ANNUAL/BIENNIAL growing to 1.2 m (4ft).
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 7 and is not frost tender. It is in flower from May to August. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Bees. The plant is self-fertile.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in heavy clay soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in very acid and very alkaline soils.
It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
Plant Habitats
Cultivated Beds;
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Leaves Oil Oil
Edible Uses: Oil Oil
Leaves - raw or cooked[4, 34, 37]. Added to salads or used as a potherb[183]. Immature flowering stems - cooked in much the same way as broccoli[183]. An edible oil is obtained from the seed, it is used mainly for cooking purposes, but also for salads[4, 13, 34, 46, 183]. Some caution is advised, see the notes above on toxicity. The sprouted seed is often used as the mustard part of mustard and cress. Eaten in salads[4, 34, 37, 183]. The seed is used as a mustard flavouring[183].
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
Diuretic Emollient
The root is emollient and diuretic[240]. The juice of the roots is used in the treatment of chronic coughs and bronchial catarrh[240, 269]. The seed, powdered, with salt is said to be a folk remedy for cancer[269]. Rape oil is used in massage and oil baths, it is believed to strengthen the skin and keep it cool and healthy. With camphor it is applied as a remedy for rheumatism and stiff joints[269].
References More on Medicinal Uses
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Other Uses
Oil Oil
The seed contains up to 45% of an edible semi-drying oil, it is used as a luminant, lubricant, in soap making etc[13, 21, 57, 142].
Special Uses
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
Succeeds in full sun in a well-drained fertile preferably alkaline soil[200]. Succeeds in any reasonable soil[52]. Prefers a heavy soil and cool moist conditions[16, 20]. Tolerates a pH in the range 4.2 to 8.3. Very young plants are susceptible to cold damage, -4°C either killing or injuring seedlings, whereas -2°C has no affect when the plants are more than one month old[269]. The rape kales have non-tuberous roots. They are cultivated for their edible leaves. Plants are intolerant of root disturbance and so should not be transplanted[200]. Rape kale is 70% self-pollinating and 30% cross-pollinated. Even if wind and insects are absent, seed are still produced. Yield increases with honeybees[269]. The growth of this plant is inhibited by field mustard and hedge mustard growing nearby[18, 20]. This species is closely related to B. rapa[200].
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
Temperature Converter
Type a value in the Celsius field to convert the value to Fahrenheit:
Fahrenheit:
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Plant Propagation
Seed - sow spring in situ.
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Native Range
Coming Soon
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
| Related Plants
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| Latin Name | Common Name | Habit | Height | Hardiness | Growth | Soil | Shade | Moisture | Edible | Medicinal | Other |
| Alliaria petiolata | Garlic Mustard | Biennial | 1.0 |
5-8
| | LMH | FS | MWe | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Thale Cress, Mouseear cress | Annual/Biennial | 0.5 |
0-0
| | LMH | SN | DM | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Arabis alpina | Alpine Rock Cress, Alpine rockcress | Perennial | 0.2 |
4-8
| | LM | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Arabis caucasica | Rock Cress, Wall Rockcress | Perennial | 0.2 |
4-9
| M | LMH | SN | DM | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| Arabis hirsuta | Hairy rockcress, Mountain rockcress, Creamflower rockcress | Biennial/Perennial | 0.6 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | DM | 1 | 0 | |
| Arabis lyrata | Rock Cress, Kamchatka rockcress, Lyrate rockcress | Biennial/Perennial | 0.3 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | DM | 1 | 0 | |
| Arabis pendula | | Biennial | 0.9 |
-
| | LMH | FSN | M | 1 | 0 | |
| Arabis sagittata | | Biennial/Perennial | 0.6 |
-
| | LMH | SN | DM | 1 | 0 | |
| Arabis serrata | | Perennial | 0.3 |
6-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 1 | 0 | |
| Armoracia rusticana | Horseradish, Red Cole | Perennial | 0.7 |
4-9
| F | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Aubrieta deltoidea | Aubretia, Lilacbush, False Rockcress | Perennial | 0.2 |
4-9
| M | LM | SN | DM | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Aurinia saxatilis | Golden Alyssum, Basket of gold | Perennial | 0.3 |
4-10
| M | LMH | N | DM | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Barbarea australis | | Biennial/Perennial | 0.5 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 1 | |
| Barbarea orthoceras | American Yellowrocket | Perennial | 0.5 |
0-0
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Barbarea stricta | Small-flowered winter-cress | Biennial | 0.8 |
3-10
| F | LMH | N | MWe | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Barbarea verna | Land Cress, Early yellowrocket | Biennial | 0.3 |
5-9
| | LMH | FSN | M | 3 | 0 | |
| Barbarea vulgaris | Yellow Rocket, Garden yellowrocket | Perennial | 0.4 |
5-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| Brassica balearica | | Perennial | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | N | M | 1 | 0 | |
| Brassica carinata | Abyssinian Cabbage | Annual | 1.0 |
9-12
| F | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | 3 |
| Brassica cretica | Mustard | Perennial | 1.0 |
0-0
| | LMH | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Brassica elongata | Elongated mustard | Biennial/Perennial | 0.9 |
0-0
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Brassica juncea | Brown Mustard | Annual | 0.8 |
6-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Brassica juncea crispifolia | Curled Mustard | Annual | 0.3 |
6-9
| F | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Brassica juncea foliosa | Leaf Mustard | Annual | 0.3 |
6-9
| F | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Brassica juncea integrifolia crispifolia | Curled Mustard | Annual | 0.3 |
6-10
| F | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Brassica juncea integrifolia rugosa | Head Mustard | Annual | 0.6 |
6-10
| F | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Brassica juncea integrifolia strumata | Large Petiole Mustard | Annual | 0.8 |
6-10
| F | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Brassica juncea integrifolia subintegrifolia | Leaf Mustard | Annual | 0.3 |
6-10
| F | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Brassica juncea multiceps | Green In The Snow | Annual | 0.4 |
6-9
| F | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Brassica juncea napiformis | Root Mustard | Annual | 0.8 |
6-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | 2 |
|
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Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
Expert comment
Author
(DC.)Rchb.
Botanical References
200
Links / References
For a list of references used on this page please go here
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