Category Perennial

Moist soils in rich woods, thickets and bottom lands. Love

Rich woodlands, meadows and swamps. Love

Coniferous woods. Love

Shingle by the sea. Uncommon and declining. Love

Damp ground that often dries out in summer, from sea level to 400 metres in Turkey. Love

Roadsides and waste places, usually in damp soils and sunny positions. Love

Not known Love

Arable land, heaths, damp edges of woods. Love

Waste places and derelict land near human habitations. Love

Waste ground, avoiding acid soils. Love

Rich woods, margins of swamps and bogs. Love

Grassy places, pastures, hedgebanks etc, especially on rich soils, avoiding acid soils. Love

Gardens, vineyards and waste places. Love

Woods and recent clearings, often to the sub-alpine zone, in humus-rich slightly acid soils. Love

Low, wet or boggy ground in the north of its range, wet woodland in the south. Love