| Latin Name | Common Name | Family | Synonyms | Edibility Rating | Medicinal Rating |
| Abies balsamea | Balsam Fir | Pinaceae | Pinus balsamea. | 3 | 5 |
| Acacia mearnsii | Black Wattle, Late black wattle | Fabaceae | Acacia molllissima Willd. Racosperma mearnsii (De Wild.) Pedley | 1 | 3 |
| Acacia melanoxylon | Blackwood, Australia Acacia, Black Acacia, Blackwood Acacia | Fabaceae or Leguminosae | | 2 | 1 |
| Acacia saligna | Blue-Leaved Wattle, Orange wattle | Fabaceae or Leguminosae | | 1 | 0 |
| Acacia victoriae | Bramble wattle. Gundabluey, Bardi bush | Fabaceae | Acacia coronalis J.M.Black Acacia hanniana Domin Acacia sentis F.Muell. ex Benth. Racosperma victoriae (Benth.) Pedley | 3 | 0 |
| Acanthus mollis | Bear's Breeches | Acanthaceae | A. latifolius. | 0 | 2 |
| Acer interius | Box Elder | Aceraceae | A. negundo interius. (Britt.)Sarg. Negundo aceroides | 2 | 0 |
| Acer negundo | Box Elder | Aceraceae | | 3 | 1 |
| Acer saccharum grandidentatum | Big-Tooth Maple, Canyon Maple, Rocky Mountain Sugar Maple | Aceraceae | A. grandidentatum. Nutt. | 4 | 0 |
| Acer saccharum nigrum | Black Maple | Aceraceae | A. nigrum. Michx.f. | 4 | 1 |
| Acinos arvensis | Basil Thyme | Lamiaceae or Labiatae | A. thymoides. Calamintha acinos. Satureia acinos. | 2 | 1 |
| Aconitum kusnezoffii | Bei Wu Tou | Ranunculaceae | | 0 | 1 |
| Adansonia digitata | Baobab, Judas Fruit, Monkey Bread Tree | Malvaceae | Adansonia bahobab L. Adansonia baobab Gaertn. Adansonia integrifolia Raf. Adansonia scutula Steud. A | 3 | 3 |
| Aegilops triuncialis | Barbed goatgrass, Barb goatgrass | Poaceae or Gramineae | | 1 | 0 |
| Aegle marmelos | Bael Tree, Golden Apple, Bengal Quince | Rutaceae | Crataeva marmelos L. Feronia pellucida Roth | 3 | 3 |
| Aesculus parviflora | Bottlebrush buckeye | Hippocastanaceae | Ae macrostachya. Pavia macrostachya | 2 | 1 |
| Agave tequilana | Blue Agave, Mescal, Tequila. | Asparagaceae | Agave angustifolia tequilana (F.A.C.Weber) Valenz.-Zap. & Nabhan Agave palmaris Trel. Agave pedrosana Trel. Agave pes-mulae Trel. Agave pseudotequilana Trel. | 3 | 0 |
| Ajuga bracteosa | Bugle, Lungememen | Lamiaceae or Labiatae | | 0 | 1 |
| Ajuga reptans | Bugle, Common Bugelweed, Bugleweed, Carpet Bugleweed, Carpetweed, Carpet Bugle | Lamiaceae or Labiatae | | 2 | 3 |
| Allium ampeloprasum babingtonii | Babington's Leek | Alliaceae | A. babingtonii. | 3 | 3 |
| Allium bolanderi | Bolander's Onion | Alliaceae | A. stenanthum | 3 | 2 |
| Allium nutans | Blue Chives | Alliaceae | | 3 | 0 |
| Allium platycaule | Broadstemmed Onion | Alliaceae | A. anceps. Kellog. | 3 | 2 |
| Allocasuarina littoralis | Black She Oak, Bull Oak, Wayetuck | Casuarinaceae | Casuarina littoralis Salisb. Casuarina suberosa Otto.&Dietr. | 1 | 0 |
| Alnus incana | Grey Alder, Speckled alder, Thinleaf alder, White Alder | Betulaceae | Betula alnus incana. | 0 | 0 |
| Alnus serrulata | Smooth Alder, Hazel alder | Betulaceae | Betula serrulata. | 0 | 2 |
| Alternanthera sissoo | Brazilian Spinach, Sambu, Samba lettuce | Amaranthaceae | None Known | 4 | 0 |
| Amaranthus mitchellii | Boggabri Weed | Amaranthaceae | | 2 | 0 |
| Ammi majus | Bishop's Weed, Large bullwort, Queen Anne's Lace, Bishop's Flower | Apiaceae or Umbelliferae | | 1 | 3 |
| Ammophila breviligulata | Beach Grass, American beachgrass | Poaceae or Gramineae | | 0 | 0 |
| Amsinckia tesselata | Bristly Fiddleneck | Boraginaceae | | 1 | 0 |
| Andromeda glaucophylla | Bog Rosemary | Ericaceae | A. polifolia glaucophylla. | 2 | 0 |
| Andropogon gerardii | Big Bluestem | Poaceae or Gramineae | | 0 | 1 |
| Andropogon virginicus | Broomsedge Bluestem | Poaceae or Gramineae | | 0 | 1 |
| Androstephium caeruleum | Blue Funnel Lily | Alliaceae | A. violaceum. Bessera caeruleum. | 1 | 0 |
| Angelica dahurica | Bai Zhi | Apiaceae or Umbelliferae | | 2 | 3 |
| Aniba rosaeodora | Brazilian Rosewood, Rosewood-oil tree | Lauraceae | Aniba duckei Kosterm. | 2 | 3 |
| Annona salzmannii | Beach Sugar Apple | Annonaceae | No synonyms are recorded for this name. | 4 | 0 |
| Antidesma bunius | Bignay, Bignai | Phyllanthaceae | Antidesma andamanicum Hook.f. Antidesma ciliatum C.Presl Antidesma collettii Craib Antidesma cordifo | 4 | 2 |
| Aralia hispida | Bristly Sarsaparilla | Araliaceae | | 1 | 1 |
| Araucaria bidwillii | Bunya-Bunya, Monkey Puzzle Tree, False Monkey Puzzle | Araucariaceae | | 3 | 0 |
| Arctostaphylos glauca | Bigberry Manzanita | Ericaceae | | 2 | 2 |
| Arctostaphylos uva-ursi | Bearberry | Ericaceae | A. officinalis. Arbutus uva-ursi. Uva-ursi procumbens. Uva-ursi uva-ursi. | 3 | 4 |
| Ardisia sieboldii | Duo Zhi Zi Jin Niu | Primulaceae | Bladhia sieboldii. | 1 | 0 |
| Areca catechu | Betel Palm, Betel Nut Palm | Arecaceae | | 3 | 3 |
| Aristolochia clematitis | Birthwort | Aristolochiaceae | | 0 | 2 |
| Aronia melanocarpa | Black Chokeberry, Black Berried Aronia | Rosaceae | | 3 | 1 |
| Artemisia biennis | Biennial Wormwood | Asteraceae or Compositae | | 1 | 1 |
| Artemisia nova | Black Sagebrush | Asteraceae or Compositae | A. arbuscula. Nutt. | 0 | 1 |
| Artemisia stelleriana | Beach Wormwood, Oldwoman, Dusty Miller | Asteraceae or Compositae | | 1 | 0 |
| Artocarpus altilis | Breadfruit | Moraceae | Artocarpus communis J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. Artocarpus incisifolius Stokes Artocarpus incisus (Thunb.) | 5 | 4 |
| Artocarpus camansi | Breadnut, Kamansi | Moraceae | No synonyms are recorded for this name. | 4 | 1 |
| Asclepias brachystephana | Bract milkweed | Asclepiadaceae | | 0 | 0 |
| Asclepias currasavica | Blood Flower | Apocynaceae | Asclepias aurantiaca Salisb. Asclepias bicolor Moench Asclepias cubensis Wender. Asclepias margaritacea Hoffmanns. ex Schult. Asclepias nivea curassavica (L.) Kuntze | 0 | 1 |
| Asclepias galioides | Bedstraw Milkweed | Asclepiadaceae | | 2 | 1 |
| Asclepias latifolia | Broadleaf Milkweed | Asclepiadaceae | | 0 | 1 |
| Asplenium adiantum-nigrum | Black Spleenwort | Polypodiaceae | | 0 | 2 |
| Aster macrophyllus | Bigleaf Aster | Asteraceae or Compositae | | 2 | 1 |
| Astragalus complanatus | Bei Bian Huang Qi | Fabaceae or Leguminosae | | 0 | 2 |
| Astrebla pectinata | Barley Mitchell Grass | Poaceae or Gramineae | | 1 | 0 |
| Atherosperma moschatum | Black Sassafras | Atherospermataceae | | 2 | 2 |
| Atractylodes macrocephala | Bai Zhu | Asteraceae or Compositae | | 0 | 3 |
| Atriplex serenana | Bractscale, Davidson's bractscale | Chenopodiaceae | A. bracteosa. S. Wats. | 2 | 0 |
| Attalea funifera | Bahia Piassava, Conquilla Nut, Piassaba Palm | Arecaceae | Attalea acaulis Burret Lithocarpos cocciformis O.Targ.Tozz. ex Steud. Sarinia funifera (Mart.) O.F.C | 1 | 0 |
| Attalea speciosa | Babassu, American Oil Palm, Motacu, Motacuchi | Arecaceae | Attalea glassmanii Zona Attalea lydiae (Drude) Barb.Rodr. Heptantra phalerata (Mart.) O.F.Cook Orbig | 4 | 2 |
| Avena strigosa | Bristle Oats, Black oats | Poaceae or Gramineae | | 2 | 0 |
| Babiana plicata | Baboon Root | Iridaceae | B. caerulescens. B. reflexa. | 1 | 0 |
| Baccharis genistelloides | Carqueja | Asteraceae | Baccharis triptera Mart. Conyza genistelloides Lam. | 0 | 4 |
| Baccharis halimifolia | Bush Groundsel, Eastern baccharis, High Tide Bush, Sea Myrtle, Salt Bush | Asteraceae or Compositae | | 0 | 1 |
| Baccharis pilularis | Dwarf Chaparral Broom, Coyotebrush , Chaparral Broom | Asteraceae or Compositae | B. consanguinea. | 0 | 1 |
| Baccharis viminea | Mule's Fat | Asteraceae or Compositae | B. glutinosa. B. salicifolia. (Ruiz.&Pavon.)Pers. | 1 | 1 |
| Baccharoides hymenolepis | Baccharoides | Asteraceae | Baccharoides calvoana var. microcephala (C.D.Adams, Vernonia homilocephala S.Moore | 4 | 2 |
| Bactris gasipaes | Peach Palm, Pupunha | Arecaceae | Bactris caribaea H.Karst. Bactris ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart. Bactris coccinea Barb.Rodr. Bactris da | 5 | 2 |
| Baillonella toxisperma | African Pearwood, False Shea Butternut | Sapotaceae | Baillonella djave (Engl.) Pierre ex Dubard. Baillonella pierriana (Engl.) A.Chev. Mimusops djave Eng | 3 | 3 |
| Ballota nigra | Black Horehound | Lamiaceae or Labiatae | | 0 | 3 |
| Balsamorhiza hookeri | Balsam Root, Hooker's balsamroot, Hairy balsamroot, Idaho balsamroot, Rabbithead balsamroot, Negle | Asteraceae or Compositae | B. hirsuta. | 4 | 1 |
| Balsamorhiza incana | Hoary Balsamroot | Asteraceae or Compositae | B. floccosa. B. hookeri incana. | 3 | 1 |
| Balsamorhiza sagittata | Oregon Sunflower, Arrowleaf balsamroot | Asteraceae or Compositae | Bupthalmium sagitattum. | 4 | 2 |
| Bambusa blumeana | Spiny Bamboo. Spiny bamboo, Thorny bamboo | Poaceae | Bambusa pungens Blanco Bambusa spinosa Blume ex Nees | 2 | 0 |
| Bambusa heterostachya | Malay Dwarf Green | Poaceae | Bambusa diversistachya Munro Bambusa latispiculata (Gamble) Holttum Gigantochloa heterostachya Munro Gigantochloa latispiculata Gamble | 0 | 0 |
| Bambusa multiplex | Hedge Bamboo, Chinese Goddess Bamboo | Poaceae or Gramineae | B. argentea. B. glaucescens. B. nana. Leleba multiplex. | 2 | 0 |
| Bambusa polymorpha | Burmese bamboo, Jama Betua | Poaceae | Arundarbor polymorpha (Munro) Kuntze Bambusa cyanostachya Kurz ex Gamble | 2 | 0 |
| Bambusa tulda | Bengal Bamboo. Spineless Indian bamboo | Poaceae | Bambusa macala Buch.-Han. ex Munro Bambusa trigyna Roxb. ex Munro Dendrocalamus tulda (Roxb.) Voight. | 2 | 0 |
| Banisteriopsis caapi | Yage, Ayahuasca, Caapi | Malpighiaceae | Banisteria caapi Spruce ex Griseb. Banisteria inebrians (C.V.Morton) J.F.Macbr. Banisteria quitensis | 0 | 4 |
| Banksia integrifolia | Coast Banksia | Proteaceae | B. spicata. | 2 | 0 |
| Baphia nitida | Camwood, Baphia | Fabaceae | Baphia angolensis Lest.-Garl. Baphia barombiensis Taub. Baphia haematoxylon (Schum. & Thonn.) Hook. | 2 | 2 |
| Baptisia australis | Wild Indigo, Blue wild indigo, Blue False Indigo | Fabaceae or Leguminosae | B. exaltata. | 0 | 2 |
| Baptisia bracteata | Plains Wild Indigo, Longbract wild indigo, False Indigo, Cream Wild Indigo | Fabaceae or Leguminosae | B. leucophaea. Nutt. B. villosa. Auct. | 0 | 2 |
| Baptisia lactea | Wild Indigo | Fabaceae or Leguminosae | B. leucantha. Torr.&Gray. | 0 | 1 |
| Baptisia tinctoria | Wild Indigo, Horseflyweed | Fabaceae or Leguminosae | Baptisia gibbesii. Podalyria tinctoria. Sophora tinctoria. | 1 | 3 |
| Barbarea orthoceras | American Yellowrocket | Brassicaceae or Cruciferae | B. americana. Rydb. B. stricta. non Andrz. | 2 | 0 |
| Barbarea verna | Land Cress, Early yellowrocket | Brassicaceae or Cruciferae | B. praecox. (Sm.)R.Br. Campe verna. | 3 | 0 |
| Barringtonia edulis | Vutu kana, Cut nut | Lecythidaceae | Butonica edulis (Seem.) Miers Huttum edule (Seem.) Britten | 3 | 2 |
| Barringtonia novae hiberniae | Pao Nut | Lecythidaceae | Barringtonia brosimos Merr. & L.M.Perry Barringtonia excelsa Guill. Barringtonia oblongifolia R.Knuth | 3 | 2 |
| Barringtonia procera | Pao nuts, Cut nut | Lecythidaceae | Barringtonia guppyana R.Knuth Barringtonia magnifica Lauterb. Barringtonia schuchardtiana K.Schum. Butonica procera Miers | 3 | 2 |
| Basella alba | Indian Spinach, Ceylon spinach | Basellaceae | B. cordifolia. B. rubra. | 4 | 2 |
| Bauhinia forficata | Brazilian Orchid Tree | Fabaceae | Bauhinia candicans Benth. | 0 | 4 |
| Bauhinia petersiana | White bauhinia, Zambezi coffee | Fabaceae | Bauhinia macrantha Oliv. Bauhinia serpae Ficalho & Hiern Perlebia macrantha (Oliv.) A.Schmitz Perlebia petersiana (Bolle) A.Schmitz | 3 | 2 |
| Bauhinia purpurea | Orchid Tree, Purple Butterfly Tree, Mountain Ebony, Geranium Tree, Purple Bauhinia | Fabaceae | Bauhinia castrata Blanco Bauhinia coromandeliana DC. Bauhinia platyphylla Zipp. ex Spanoghe Bauhinia | 2 | 2 |
| Bauhinia vahlii | Malu Creeper, Adda Leaf, Pahur Camel's Foot Creeper | Fabaceae | Bauhinia racemosa Vahl | 2 | 3 |
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