Month August 2023

Arid places, maquis, woods and hills on limestone. Love

Limestone slopes; at elevations from 350 – 1,700 metres. Love

Dry soils in valleys, rolling hills and lower mountain slopes to 1350 metres, often forming extensive stands. Love

Bottomlands, stream margins and swamps. Tolerant of poorly drained sites, it is frequently found in heavy mucky soils. Love

Dry woods, gravelly ridges, sandy plains, rich uplands and moist bottoms. The best specimens are found in deep rich well-drained loamy soils. Love

Often forming pure forests or growing with Pinus species, to 1000 metres in W. China. Love

Warm rainy regions at elevations of 100 – 1400 metres in China. Naturalized in low mountains and around villages in C. and S. Japan. Love

Slopes, dry cold regions at elevations of 100 – 2000 metres. Love

Hedges, woodland margins etc in Britain. Love

Dry limestone soils to 2700 metres in the Himalayas. Love