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Summary
Also known as Mugwort, Common wormwood, Felon Herb, Chrysanthemum Weed, Wild Wormwood, wild wormwood, old Uncle Henry, sailor's tobacco, naughty man, old man or St. John's plant (not to be confused with St John's wort). Bloom Color: Yellow.
Main Bloom Time: Early summer, Early fall, Late summer, Mid summer. Form: Upright or erect.
Physical Characteristics
Artemisia vulgaris is a PERENNIAL growing to 1.2 m (4ft) by 0.7 m (2ft 4in) at a fast rate.
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 3 and is not frost tender. It is in flower from July to September. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Wind.
It is noted for attracting wildlife.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in very alkaline soils.
It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
Absinthium spicatum. Artemisia affinis. Artemisia coarctata. Artemisia officinalis
Plant Habitats
Meadow; Hedgerow;
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Leaves Shoots
Edible Uses: Colouring Condiment
Leaves - raw or cooked[2, 9, 12, 27, 177]. Aromatic and somewhat bitter[244]. Their addition to the diet aids the digestion and so they are often used in small quantities as a flavouring, especially with fatty foods[183, 244]. They are also used to give colour and flavour to glutinous-rice dumplings (Mochi)[183, 244]. The young shoots are used in spring[46]. In Japan the young leaves are used as a potherb[183]. The dried leaves and flowering tops are steeped into tea[183]. They have also been used as a flavouring in beer, though fell into virtual disuse once hops came into favour[4].
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
Anticonvulsant Antidepressant Antiemetic Antiseptic Antispasmodic Appetizer Carminative Cholagogue
Diaphoretic Digestive Diuretic Emmenagogue Expectorant Foot care Haemostatic
Nervine Purgative Stimulant Tonic Women's complaints
Mugwort has a long history of use in herbal medicine especially in matters connected to the digestive system, menstrual complaints and the treatment of worms[238]. It is slightly toxic, however, and should never be used by pregnant women, especially in their first trimester, since it can cause a miscarriage[7, 238]. Large, prolonged dosage can damage the nervous system[268]. All parts of the plant are anthelmintic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, cholagogue, diaphoretic, digestive, emmenagogue, expectorant, nervine, purgative, stimulant, slightly tonic and used in the treatment of women's complaints[4, 7, 13, 21, 147, 165, 178, 201]. The leaves are also said to be appetizer, diuretic, haemostatic and stomachic[176, 218, 222]. They can be used internally or externally[218]. An infusion of the leaves and flowering tops is used in the treatment of nervous and spasmodic affections, sterility, functional bleeding of the uterus, dysmenorrhoea, asthma and diseases of the brain[176, 243]. The leaves have an antibacterial action, inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus typhi, B. dysenteriae, streptococci, E. coli, B. subtilis, Pseudomonas etc[176]. The leaves are harvested in August and can be dried for later use[4]. The stem is also said to be antirheumatic, antispasmodic, and stomachic[218]. The roots are tonic and antispasmodic[243]. They are said to be one of the best stomachics[4]. They are harvested in the autumn and dried for later use[4]. The leaves, placed inside the shoes, are said to be soothing for sore feet[238]. The compressed dried leaves and stems are used in moxibustion[176, 178, 218, 222, 238]. Another report says that the down from the leaves is used[4].
References More on Medicinal Uses
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Other Uses
Insecticide Repellent Tinder
The fresh or the dried plant repels insects, it can be used as a spray but caution is advised since it can also inhibit plant growth[20]. A weak tea made from the infused plant is a good all-purpose insecticide[201]. An essential oil from the plant kills insect larvae[218]. The down on the leaves makes a good tinder for starting fires[115]. A number of species of Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) feed on the leaves and flowers.
Special Uses
Dynamic accumulator
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
Landscape Uses:Border. Easily grown in a well-drained circumneutral or slightly alkaline loamy soil, preferring a sunny position and a moist soil[1, 14, 200]. Plants are longer lived, more hardy and more aromatic when they are grown in a poor dry soil[245]. Tolerates a pH in the range 4.8 to 8.2. Established plants are drought tolerant[200]. Mugwort is an aggressive and invasive plant[14], it inhibits the growth of nearby plants by means of root secretions[20, 201]. The sub-species A. vulgaris parviflora. Maxim. is the form that is eaten in China[179]. There are some named varieties[200]. 'White' is a taller plant than the type species, growing to 1.5 metres. It has a strong, rather resinous or "floral" taste similar to chrysanthemum leaves and is used in soups or fried as a side dish[183]. Members of this genus are rarely if ever troubled by browsing deer[233]. Special Features:Edible, Not North American native, Invasive, Attracts butterflies, Suitable for dried flowers, Fragrant flowers, Inconspicuous flowers or blooms.
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
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Plant Propagation
Seed - surface sow from late winter to early summer in a greenhouse and do not allow the compost to dry out. When large enough to handle, prick out the seedlings into individual pots. If growth is sufficient, they can be planted out into their permanent positions in the summer, otherwise grow them on in a cold frame for their first winter and then plant them out in the spring. Division in spring or autumn. Basal cuttings in late spring. Harvest the young shoots when about 10 - 15cm long, pot up in a lightly shaded position in a greenhouse or cold frame and plant them out when well rooted. Very easy.
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Native Range
TEMPERATE ASIA: Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey, Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia (Ciscaucasia), Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation (Buryatia, Gorno-Altay, Tyva, Respublika, Yakutia-Sakha, Altay, Krasnoyarsk, Chita, Irkutsk, Kemerovskaja oblast, Kurganskaja oblast, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Tyumen), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Mongolia, China (Gansu Sheng, Shaanxi Sheng, Sichuan Sheng (west), Qinghai Sheng, Xizang Zizhiqu) EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Russian Federation (European part), Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine (incl. Krym), Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Croatia, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, France (incl. Corsica), Portugal AFRICA: Algeria, Tunisia
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
This plant can be weedy or invasive in Northeast and Tennessee, USA.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status : This taxon has not yet been assessed
Related Plants
|
Latin Name | Common Name | Habit | Height | Hardiness | Growth | Soil | Shade | Moisture | Edible | Medicinal | Other |
Artemisia abrotanum | Southernwood | Shrub | 1.2 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | DM | 1 | 3 | 3 |
Artemisia absinthium | Wormwood, Absinthium. | Perennial | 1.0 |
4-9
| M | LM | SN | DM | 1 | 3 | 2 |
Artemisia annua | Qing Hao, Sweet sagewort | Annual | 3.0 |
6-9
| F | LM | SN | DM | 1 | 4 | 2 |
Artemisia anomala | | Perennial | 1.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 0 | 2 | |
Artemisia argyi | | Perennial | 1.5 |
-
| | LM | SN | DM | 0 | 2 | |
Artemisia biennis | Biennial Wormwood | Annual/Biennial | 1.0 |
0-0
| | LM | SN | DM | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Artemisia campestris | Field Southernwood | Perennial | 1.5 |
4-8
| | LM | SN | DM | 0 | 2 | 1 |
Artemisia campestris glutinosa | | Perennial | 1.5 |
-
| | LM | SN | DM | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Artemisia capillaris | Yin Chen Hao | Shrub | 0.5 |
6-9
| | LM | SN | DM | 1 | 3 | |
Artemisia caruifolia | | Annual | 1.0 |
-
| | LM | SN | DM | 1 | 3 | 1 |
Artemisia cina | Cina, Santonica | Shrub | 1.0 |
0-0
| | LM | S | DM | 0 | 3 | |
Artemisia dracunculoides | Russian Tarragon, Tarragon, French Tarragon | Perennial | 1.0 |
5-8
| M | LM | SN | DM | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Artemisia dracunculus | Tarragon, French Tarragon | Perennial | 0.6 |
5-9
| M | LM | SN | DM | 4 | 2 | 3 |
Artemisia filifolia | Sand Sage, Sand sagebrush | Shrub | 1.2 |
3-7
| | LM | SN | DM | 0 | 2 | 1 |
Artemisia frigida | Fringed Wormwood, Prairie sagewort | Perennial | 0.3 |
3-10
| | LM | N | DM | 2 | 2 | 3 |
Artemisia glacialis | Glacier Wormwood | Perennial | 0.2 |
4-8
| | LMH | N | DM | 1 | 2 | |
Artemisia gmelinii | Russian Wormwood, Gmelin's wormwood | Perennial | 1.5 |
3-7
| | LMH | N | DM | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Artemisia indica | | Annual/Perennial | 1.2 |
6-9
| | LM | SN | DM | 1 | 3 | 2 |
Artemisia japonica | | Perennial | 1.0 |
7-10
| | LMH | SN | DM | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Artemisia keiskeana | | Perennial | 0.6 |
-
| | LMH | SN | DM | 2 | 1 | 2 |
Artemisia laciniata | Siberian wormwood | Perennial | 0.0 |
0-0
| | LMH | SN | DM | 1 | 0 | |
Artemisia lactiflora | White Mugwort | Perennial | 1.5 |
4-8
| S | LMH | SN | M | 0 | 2 | |
Artemisia lancea | | Perennial | 1.2 |
-
| | LMH | SN | DM | 1 | 1 | |
Artemisia ludoviciana | White Sage, Louisiana Sage, Prairie Sage, Western Mugwort | Perennial | 1.0 |
4-9
| M | LM | SN | DM | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Artemisia ludoviciana gnaphalodes | White Sage | Perennial | 1.0 |
4-8
| | LM | SN | DM | 0 | 2 | 1 |
Artemisia maritima | Sea Wormwood | Shrub | 0.6 |
6-9
| | LM | N | DM | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Artemisia mexicana | Mexican White Sagebrush | Perennial | 1.0 |
-
| | LM | N | DM | 0 | 1 | |
Artemisia michauxiana | Mountain Sagewort, Michaux's wormwood | Perennial | 0.5 |
3-7
| | LM | SN | DM | 1 | 1 | |
Artemisia monophylla | | Perennial | 1.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | DM | 1 | 0 | |
Artemisia montana | | Perennial | 1.8 |
-
| | LMH | SN | DM | 1 | 0 | |
|
|
Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
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