Agroforestry Services: Nitrogen  Agroforestry Services: Understory legume  Fodder: Pasture  Management: Coppice  Management: Standard  Minor Global Crop

Climate: tropical, tropical highlands. Humidity: semi-arid. Behaves as a perennial under 900-1,500mm rainfall; as an annual down to 600 mm. One of the best adapted legumes on sandy soils in semi-arid northern South Africa and in semi-arid west Africa. Does not tolerate poor drainage or flooding. Reasonably drought-tolerant when plants form rosettes under heavier grazing, but leaves often turn red and drop if plants are left ungrazed and tall during dry conditions. Has been collected from sites with rainfall ranging from 400-3,700mm, but most are in the 800-1,500mm range. Warm season growth only; top growth readily killed by frost. Under regular heavy frosts, round-leaf cassia behaves as an annual . There were large differences among accessions in survival over winter in subtropical China (26-29ºC). Only those from the most extreme southern origins (Paraguay and Argentina) survived. Full sunlight to moderate shade [415]. Combines well with native tussock grasses and more open creeping naturalised grasses, but can become dominant if stock concentrate on more palatable companion grasses in early and mid-growing season . Can improve the protein level of associated grasses [415]. Companion species - Grasses: Bothriochloa pertusa , Chloris gayana , Digitaria eriantha, Urochloa mosambicensis and a range of other grasses. Legumes: Stylosanthes guianensis var. intermedia, Lotononis bainesii , Aeschynomene falcata .Will spread naturally through heavy seed set [415]. Carbon Farming Solutions - Cultivation: minor global crop. Management: standard, coppice (Describes the non-destructive management systems that are used in cultivation) [1-1].

Carbon Farming

• Agroforestry Services: Nitrogen  Plants that contribute to nitrogen fixation include the legume family – Fabaceae.
• Agroforestry Services: Understory legume  Legume vegetation, especially the trees and shrubs growing between the forest canopy and the forest floor.
• Fodder: Pasture  Enclosed tracts of farmland mainly of grasses, with an interspersion of legumes and other forbs (non-grass herbaceous plants).
• Management: Coppice  Cut to the ground repeatedly - resprouting vigorously. Non-destructive management systems maintaining the soil organic carbon.
• Management: Standard  Plants grow to their standard height. Harvest fruit, seeds, or other products. Non-Destructive management systems.
• Minor Global Crop  These crops are already grown or traded around the world, but on a smaller scale than the global perennial staple and industrial crops, The annual value of a minor global crop is under $1 billion US. Examples include shea, carob, Brazil nuts and fibers such as ramie and sisal.