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Summary
Physical Characteristics
Campanula persicifolia is an evergreen Perennial growing to 1 m (3ft 3in) by 0.5 m (1ft 8in).
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 3 and is not frost tender. It is in leaf all year, in flower from June to August, and the seeds ripen from August to October. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Bees, flies, beetles, Lepidoptera (Moths & Butterflies). The plant is self-fertile.
Suitable for: light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
C. crystalocalyx.
Plant Habitats
Woodland Garden Sunny Edge; Dappled Shade;
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Flowers Leaves Root
Edible Uses:
Leaves - raw or cooked[2, 105]. Rich in vitamin C[74]. A mild flavour, it is nice in salads and is liked by most people who try it[K]. The plant forms over-wintering basal rosettes of leaves and thus provides a source of fresh leaves throughout the winter[K]. The main problem with these leaves is that they are very narrow and it takes quite a lot of picking in order to obtain a reasonable quantity[K]. Root - raw[74]. Flowers - raw. A pleasant sweetness, and a very ornamental addition to mixed salads[K].
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
Vitamin C
None known
References More on Medicinal Uses
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Other Uses
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
Easily grown in ordinary garden soil[187]. Prefers a moist but well-drained rich sandy loam and a neutral or alkaline soil in sun or partial shade[1, 200]. Succeeds in light woodland[200]. Plants are hardy to at least -15°c[200]. The species in this genus do not often hybridize and so seed can generally be relied upon to come true[221]. The plants are self-fertile[221]. A very ornamental plant, there are many named varieties[187]. It was at one time grown as a culinary vegetable, but is now only grown as an ornamental plant[4]. The sub-species C. persicifolia crystalocalyx has larger leaves than the species and so is more suitable as a food crop[K]. A very long-lived and easily grown plant[187], it is best divided every other year[111]. Slugs are very fond of this plant and can cause severe damage even to large plants[K]. Members of this genus are rarely if ever troubled by browsing deer[233]. This plant is a potential winter salad plant, it retains a basal rosette of leaves all winter[K].
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
Temperature Converter
Type a value in the Celsius field to convert the value to Fahrenheit:
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Plant Propagation
Seed - surface sow spring in a cold frame. The seed usually germinates in 2 - 4 weeks at 18°c[138]. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in a cold frame for at least their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts. Basal cuttings in spring[1]. Harvest the shoots when they are about 10 - 15cm long with plenty of underground stem. Pot them up into individual pots and keep them in light shade in a cold frame or greenhouse until they are rooting well. Plant them out in the summer. Division in spring or autumn[200]. Very easy[221], larger clumps can be replanted direct into their permanent positions, though it is best to pot up smaller clumps and grow them on in a cold frame until they are rooting well. Plant them out in the summer or following spring.
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Native Range
TEMPERATE ASIA: Turkey (northwest), Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia (Ciscaucasia), Kazakhstan EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Russian Federation (European part), Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine (incl. Krym), Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Croatia, Italy, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, France
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
| Related Plants
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| Latin Name | Common Name | Habit | Height | Hardiness | Growth | Soil | Shade | Moisture | Edible | Medicinal | Other |
| Adenophora denticulata | | Perennial | 0.5 |
6-9
| | LM | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Adenophora divaricata | | Perennial | 1.0 |
-
| | LM | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Adenophora lamarkii | | Perennial | 0.6 |
5-9
| | LM | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Adenophora latifolia | | Perennial | 0.5 |
-
| | LM | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Adenophora liliifolia | Ladybells, Lilyleaf | Perennial | 0.5 |
3-8
| M | LM | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Adenophora nikoensis | | Perennial | 0.3 |
5-9
| | LM | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Adenophora remotiflora | | Perennial | 1.0 |
5-9
| | LM | N | M | 2 | 1 | |
| Adenophora stricta | Sha Shen, Ladybells | Perennial | 1.0 |
7-9
| | LM | N | M | 2 | 1 | |
| Adenophora triphylla | Nan Sha Shen | Perennial | 1.0 |
6-9
| | LM | N | M | 2 | 1 | |
| Adenophora verticillata | | Perennial | 1.0 |
6-9
| | LM | SN | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Agapanthus campanulatus | | Bulb | 0.6 |
6-9
| | LM | SN | M | 0 | 1 | |
| Asyneuma pulchellum | | Perennial | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Asyneuma salignum | | Perennial | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Azorina vidalii | | Shrub | 0.3 |
8-11
| | LM | N | DM | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Campanula alliariifolia | Cornish Bellflower | Perennial | 0.7 |
3-7
| M | LM | SN | M | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Campanula carpatica | Tussock Bellflower, Carpathian Bellflower, Carpathian Harebell | Perennial | 0.3 |
3-8
| S | LM | SN | M | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| Campanula carpatica turbinata | | Perennial | 0.3 |
3-7
| | LM | N | M | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| Campanula cochleariifolia | Fairies Thimbles | Perennial | 0.2 |
5-9
| | LM | N | M | 4 | 0 | |
| Campanula edulis | | Perennial | 0.2 |
-
| | LM | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Campanula fenestrellata | Adriatic Bellflower | Perennial | 0.2 |
5-9
| M | LM | SN | M | 4 | 0 | |
| Campanula garganica | Adriatic Bellflower | Perennial | 0.2 |
4-8
| | LM | N | M | 3 | 0 | |
| Campanula glomerata | Clustered Bellflower, Dane's blood, Clustered Bellflower | Perennial | 1.0 |
4-9
| M | LM | SN | M | 4 | 0 | |
| Campanula lactiflora | Milky Bellflower | Perennial | 1.0 |
4-8
| | LM | SN | M | 3 | 0 | |
| Campanula lasiocarpa | Mountain harebell | Perennial | 0.2 |
4-8
| | L | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Campanula latifolia | Large Campanula, Giant bellflower | Perennial | 1.5 |
3-7
| | LM | FS | DM | 3 | 1 | |
| Campanula latiloba | | Perennial | 0.9 |
3-7
| M | LM | SN | M | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Campanula medium | Canterbury Bells, Cup and Saucer, Canterbury Bells | Biennial | 1.2 |
6-8
| M | LM | SN | M | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| Campanula parryi | Parry's Bellflower, Idaho bellflower | Perennial | 0.3 |
4-8
| F | LM | SN | M | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Campanula portenschlagiana | Adria Bellflower | Perennial | 0.3 |
3-7
| F | LM | SN | M | 3 | 0 | 3 |
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Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
Expert comment
Author
L.
Botanical References
17200
Links / References
For a list of references used on this page please go here
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