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Summary
Physical Characteristics
Populus 'Balsam Spire' is a deciduous Tree growing to 30 m (98ft 5in) at a fast rate.
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 5. The species is dioecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if seed is required). and is pollinated by Wind. The plant is not self-fertile.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in heavy clay soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers moist soil.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
P. 'TT32', P. 'Tacatricho 32'
Plant Habitats
Woodland Garden Canopy;
Edible Uses
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
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Anodyne Antiinflammatory Antiscorbutic Antiseptic Balsamic Diuretic Expectorant Febrifuge
Stimulant Tonic
The leaf buds are covered with a resinous sap that has a strong turpentine odour and a bitter taste[213]. They also contain salicin, The buds are antiscorbutic, antiseptic, balsamic, diuretic, expectorant, stimulant and tonic[4, 21, 57, 165, 238]. They are taken internally in the treatment of bronchitis and upper respiratory tract infections. They should not be prescribed to patients who are sensitive to aspirin[238]. Externally, the buds are used to treat colds, sinusitis, arthritis, rheumatism, muscular pain and dry skin conditions[238]. They can be put in hot water and used as an inhalant to relieve congested nasal passages[213]. The buds are harvested in the spring before they open and are dried for later use[238]. Although no specific mention has been seen for this species, the bark of most, if not all members of the genus contain salicin, a glycoside that probably decomposes into salicylic acid (aspirin) in the body[213, 238]. The bark is therefore anodyne, anti-inflammatory and febrifuge. It is used especially in treating rheumatism and fevers, and also to relieve the pain of menstrual cramps[238].
References More on Medicinal Uses
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Other Uses
Pot-pourri Rooting hormone Shelterbelt Wood
An extract of the shoots can be used as a rooting hormone for all types of cuttings. It is extracted by soaking the chopped up shoots in cold water for a day[172]. The dried buds are used in pot-pourri[238]. Wood - soft, rather woolly in texture, without smell or taste, of low flammability, not durable, very resistant to abrasion. Of low quality, it is mainly used as a source of pulp[11, 46].
Special Uses
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
An easily grown plant, it grows well in a heavy cold damp soil[1]. It prefers a deep rich well-drained circumneutral soil, growing best in the south and east of Britain[11, 200]. Growth is much less on wet soils, on poor acid soils and on thin dry soils[11]. Reasonably wind tolerant, though it does not do well in exposed upland sites or in maritime exposure[11, K]. It dislikes shady positions, and is intolerant of root or branch competition[200]. A very fast growing hybrid, this plant is a female clone that is sometimes planted for forestry[11]. It comes into leaf early in the year[11]. Poplars have very extensive and aggressive root systems that can invade and damage drainage systems. Especially when grown on clay soils, they should not be planted within 12 metres of buildings since the root system can damage the building's foundations by drying out the soil[11]. Dioecious. Male and female plants must be grown if seed is required.
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
Temperature Converter
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Plant Propagation
Seed - must be sown as soon as it is ripe in spring[113]. Poplar seed has an extremely short period of viability and needs to be sown within a few days of ripening[200]. Surface sow or just lightly cover the seed in trays in a cold frame. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle and grow them on in the cold frame. If sufficient growth is made, it might be possible to plant them out in late summer into their permanent positions, otherwise keep them in the cold frame until the following late spring and then plant them out. Most poplar species hybridize freely with each other, so the seed may not come true unless it is collected from the wild in areas with no other poplar species growing[11]. This species is a hybrid and will not come true from seed. Cuttings of mature wood of the current season's growth, 20 - 40cm long, November/December in a sheltered outdoor bed or direct into their permanent positions. Very easy, the cuttings grow away strongly and can be 2 metres tall by the end of their first year[K]. Suckers in early spring[78].
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Native Range
Weed Potential
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Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
| Related Plants
|
| Latin Name | Common Name | Habit | Height | Hardiness | Growth | Soil | Shade | Moisture | Edible | Medicinal | Other |
| Populus alba | White Poplar | Tree | 20.0 |
3-9
| F | LMH | N | DM | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Populus angustifolia | Narrowleaf Cottonwood | Tree | 30.0 |
3-7
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| Populus balsamifera | Balsam Poplar, Black cottonwood | Tree | 30.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| Populus ciliata | Himalayan Poplar | Tree | 20.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Populus deltoides | Eastern Cottonwood, Plains cottonwood, Rio Grande cottonwood, Necklace Poplar | Tree | 30.0 |
3-9
| F | LMH | N | M | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| Populus deltoides monilifera | Plains Cottonwood | Tree | 30.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Populus deltoides wislizenii | Rio Grande Cottonwood | Tree | 30.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | M | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Populus euphratica | | Tree | 15.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | MWe | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Populus fremontii | Cottonwood, Fremont cottonwood, Fremont Poplar, Western Cottonwood | Tree | 25.0 |
2-9
| F | LMH | N | DM | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Populus grandidentata | Canadian Aspen, Bigtooth aspen | Tree | 20.0 |
2-5
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus heterophylla | Swamp Cottonwood | Tree | 25.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus hybrids | Hybrid poplar | Tree | 50.0 |
2-10
| F | LMH | SN | DM | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Populus maximowiczii | Doronoki, Japanese poplar | Tree | 30.0 |
4-8
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus nigra | Black Poplar, Lombardy poplar | Tree | 30.0 |
3-9
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Populus pseudosimonii | | Tree | 20.0 |
0-0
| | LMH | N | M | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus sieboldii | Japanese Aspen | Tree | 20.0 |
4-8
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus simonii | Simon poplar, Chinese Poplar | Tree | 30.0 |
2-5
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus tremula | Aspen Poplar, European aspen, Aspen | Tree | 18.0 |
2-5
| F | LMH | SN | MWe | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Populus tremuloides | American Aspen - Poplar, Quaking aspen | Tree | 20.0 |
2-5
| F | LMH | N | DM | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| Populus trichocarpa | Western Balsam Poplar, Black cottonwood | Tree | 40.0 |
4-8
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Populus x canadensis | Canadian Poplar, Carolina Poplar | Tree | 40.0 |
4-9
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Populus x canescens | Grey Poplar | Tree | 30.0 |
4-9
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus x jackii | Balm Of Gilead | Tree | 30.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 3 | 2 |
|
Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
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Botanical References
11
Links / References
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Subject : Populus 'Balsam Spire'
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