Industrial Crop: Biomass  Management: Hay  Minor Global Crop

Prefers a deep fertile loamy soil that does not dry out in summer[200] but succeeds in any ordinary soil that is not too dry[1, 162], in sun or light shade[200]. Very wind tolerant. Plants can be grown as a focal point in lawns, they also succeed in quite coarse grass[233]. This species is not hardy in the colder areas of the country, it tolerates temperatures down to between -5 and -10°c when fully dormant[200], though the young growth in spring can be damaged by late frosts. Closely related to M. floridulus[233]. The leaves have saw-toothed edges and can cut the unwary gardener, it is best to wear gloves when working with the plant[200]. A rhizomatous plant, but it is slow to spread[188]. Plants seem to be immune to the predations of rabbits[233].

Carbon Farming

• Industrial Crop: Biomass  Three broad categories: bamboos, resprouting woody plants, and giant grasses. uses include: protein, materials (paper, building materials, fibers, biochar etc.), chemicals (biobased chemicals), energy - biofuels
• Management: Hay  Cut to the ground and harvested annually. Non-destructive management systems maintaining the soil organic carbon.
• Minor Global Crop  These crops are already grown or traded around the world, but on a smaller scale than the global perennial staple and industrial crops, The annual value of a minor global crop is under $1 billion US. Examples include shea, carob, Brazil nuts and fibers such as ramie and sisal.