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Summary
Bloom Color: White. Main Bloom Time: Early spring, Late spring, Mid spring. Form: Rounded, Spreading or horizontal.
Physical Characteristics
Malus baccata is a deciduous Tree growing to 15 m (49ft) by 15 m (49ft) at a medium rate.
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 2 and is not frost tender. It is in flower from April to May, and the seeds ripen in October. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects. The plant is self-fertile.
It is noted for attracting wildlife.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in heavy clay soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
Pyrus baccata.
Plant Habitats
Woodland Garden Secondary; Sunny Edge;
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Fruit
Edible Uses:
Fruit - raw or cooked[46, 105]. Fruit from the typical species is about 1cm in diameter, though there are sub-species and cultivated forms with considerably larger fruits[200]. A sour taste, but the fruit is palatable[2, K]. It is often dried for winter use[61] and also makes an excellent jelly[183].
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
Anodyne
A paste of the fruit is applied to the forehead to relieve headaches[272].
References More on Medicinal Uses
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Other Uses
Rootstock
The plant can be used as a rootstock for apple cultivars. It produces a vigorous tree that has more cold tolerance and disease resistance[183]. It is commonly used as stock to graft Malus pumila and M. asiatica in N and NE China[266]. The sub-species M. baccata himalaica is more often used for this purpose. A dynamic accumulator gathering minerals or nutrients from the soil and storing them in a more bioavailable form - used as fertilizer or to improve mulch.
Special Uses
Attracts Wildlife Dynamic accumulator Espalier Food Forest
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
Landscape Uses:Border, Espalier, Pest tolerant, Standard, Specimen, Street tree. An easily grown plant, it succeeds in most fertile soils including heavy ones[1, 98], preferring a moisture retentive well-drained loamy soil[200]. Prefers a sunny position but succeeds in partial shade though it fruits less well in such a situation[200]. A very hardy plant, tolerating temperatures down to about -40°c[160]. The plants are very resistant to disease[34]. This species is cultivated for its edible fruit in China, there are several named varieties[22]. The sub-species M. baccata mandschurica. (Maxim.)Schneid. has slightly larger fruits which ripen earlier than the type[1, 200]. Trees can produce fruit in 4 years from seed[160]. A very ornamental tree[1], the fruit is a good wildlife food source, especially for birds[200]. Plants in this genus are notably susceptible to honey fungus[200]. Special Features:
Not North American native, Fragrant flowers, Attractive flowers or blooms. The plant is heat tolerant in zones 7 through 1. (Plant Hardiness Zones show how well plants withstand cold winter temperatures.
Plant Heat Zones show when plants would start suffering from the heat.
The Plant Heat Zone map is based on the number of "heat days" experienced in a given area where the temperature climbs to over 86 degrees F (30°C).
At this temperature, many plants begin to suffer physiological damage. Heat Zones range from 1 (no heat days) to 12 (210 or more heat days).
For example Heat Zone. 11-1 indicates that the plant is heat tolerant in zones 11 through 1.) For polyculture design as well as the above-ground architecture (form - tree, shrub etc. and size shown above) information on the habit and root pattern is also useful and given here if available. The plant growth habit is a standard with a non-suckering single trunk [1-2].
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
Temperature Converter
Type a value in the Celsius field to convert the value to Fahrenheit:
Fahrenheit:
The PFAF Bookshop
Plants For A Future have a number of books available in paperback and digital form. Book titles include Edible Plants, Edible Perennials, Edible Trees,Edible Shrubs, Woodland Gardening, and Temperate Food Forest Plants. Our new book is Food Forest Plants For Hotter Conditions (Tropical and Sub-Tropical).
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Plant Propagation
Seed - best sown as soon as it is ripe in the autumn in a cold frame. It usually germinates in late winter. Stored seed requires stratification for 3 months at 1°c and should be sown in a cold frame as soon as it is received[200]. It might not germinate for 12 months or more. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots as soon as they are large enough to handle. If given a rich compost they usually grow away quickly and can be large enough to plant out in late summer, though consider giving them some protection from the cold in their first winter. Otherwise, keep them in pots in a cold frame and plant them out in late spring of the following year. Cuttings of mature wood, November in a frame[11].
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Native Range
TEMPERATE ASIA: Amur, China, Eastern Siberia (south), Gansu Sheng, Habarovskij kraj, Hebei Sheng, Heilongjiang Sheng, Jilin Sheng, Korea, Liaoning Sheng, Mongolia, Nei Mongol Zizhiqu, Primorye, Russian Federation, Shaanxi Sheng, Shandong Sheng, Shanxi Sheng, Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu, Xizang Zizhiqu (southeast),Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia. TROPICAL ASIA: Bhutan, India (north), Nepal,
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
| Related Plants
|
| Latin Name | Common Name | Habit | Height | Hardiness | Growth | Soil | Shade | Moisture | Edible | Medicinal | Other |
| Malus angustifolia | Southern Crab, Southern crab apple | Tree | 7.0 |
3-8
| M | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Malus baccata mandschurica | Manchurian Apple | Tree | 7.0 |
0-0
| | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 0 | 2 |
| Malus bracteata | | Tree | 7.0 |
5-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus brevipes | | Tree | 3.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus coronaria | Garland Crab, Sweet crab apple | Tree | 7.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | MWe | 3 | 1 | 3 |
| Malus domestica | Apple | Tree | 9.0 |
3-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 5 | 2 | 4 |
| Malus florentina | Hawthorn-leaf crab apple | Tree | 8.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | MWe | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus floribunda | Japanese Crab, Japanese flowering crab apple | Tree | 10.0 |
4-7
| M | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | |
| Malus fusca | Oregon Crab, Oregon crab apple | Tree | 12.0 |
5-9
| S | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 2 | 2 |
| Malus glabrata | | Tree | 5.0 |
5-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus glaucescens | | Tree | 5.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| Malus halliana | Hall crab apple | Tree | 4.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus halliana spontanea | | Tree | 4.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus hupehensis | Chinese Crab, Chinese crab apple, Tea Crabapple, Flowering Tea Crabapple | Tree | 7.0 |
4-8
| M | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Malus ioensis | Prairie Crab, Prairie crab apple, Texas crab apple, Prairie Crabapple | Tree | 5.0 |
3-8
| S | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Malus ioensis palmeri | Prairie Crab | Tree | 5.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus kansuensis | | Tree | 5.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus lancifolia | | Tree | 6.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| Malus praecox | | Tree | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus prattii | Pratt apple | Tree | 10.0 |
5-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus prunifolia | Chinese Apple, Plumleaf crab apple | Tree | 8.0 |
3-7
| | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 0 | 1 |
| Malus prunifolia rinkii | Chinese Apple | Tree | 8.0 |
3-7
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | |
| Malus pumila | Paradise Apple, Common Apple, Apple Tree | Tree | 7.0 |
3-9
| M | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 2 | 3 |
| Malus pumila nervosa | Crab Apple | Tree | 5.0 |
3-7
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| Malus pumila paradisiaca | Paradise Apple | Tree | 5.0 |
3-7
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| Malus sargentii | Sargent's apple, Sargent Crabapple | Shrub | 4.0 |
4-8
| S | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus sieversii | Crabapple | Tree | 8.0 |
4-10
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Malus sikkimensis | | Tree | 7.0 |
5-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Malus spectabilis | Chinese Flowering Apple, Asiatic apple | Tree | 9.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | |
|
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Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
Expert comment
Author
(L.)Borkh.
Botanical References
51200266
Links / References
For a list of references used on this page please go here
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