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Arachis glabrata - Benth.

Common Name Perennial peanut
Family Fabaceae
USDA hardiness 8-11
Known Hazards None known
Habitats Not known
Range S. America - Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay in a large triangular area between 13°S and 28°.
Edibility Rating    (1 of 5)
Other Uses    (3 of 5)
Weed Potential No
Medicinal Rating    (0 of 5)
Care (info)
Tender Moist Soil Semi-shade Full sun
Arachis glabrata Perennial peanut


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Arachis glabrata Perennial peanut
wikimedia.org Nurhafizah

 

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Summary


Physical Characteristics

 icon of manicon of flower
Arachis glabrata is a PERENNIAL growing to 0.3 m (1ft) by 0.3 m (1ft in) at a fast rate.
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 10. The flowers are pollinated by Insects.
It can fix Nitrogen.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in very acid soils.
It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.

UK Hardiness Map US Hardiness Map

Synonyms

Arachis prostrata Benth.

Habitats

Edible Uses

Edible Parts: Flowers
Edible Uses:

Possibly the flowers are edible. Green Deane at growables.org says the yellow blossoms are eaten raw and have a pea to bean-like flavor.

References   More on Edible Uses

Medicinal Uses

Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.


None known

References   More on Medicinal Uses

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Other Uses

Green manure  Soil conditioner

Agroforestry Uses: The plant has potential for soil conservation and can be grown under some tree crops to provide nitrogen[310 ]. It is showing promise growing under coconuts in Indonesia[310 ]. The plant has been recommended as a green manure in Brazil[46 ]. Used in intensively grazed pastures, for hay and silage production, and agroforestry (e.g. under coconuts). Also used for soil conservation (e.g. road verges) and as an ornamental. May also have value in companion cropping systems, either with cool or warm season grains. A high quality forage plant.

Special Uses

Carbon Farming  Food Forest  Nitrogen Fixer

References   More on Other Uses

Cultivation details

Agroforestry Services: Nitrogen  Agroforestry Services: Understory legume  Management: Fodder  Management: Hay  Minor Global Crop

Plants are productive from about latitudes 30N and 30c to near the equator. They have persisted in areas receiving rainfall as low as 750 mm per year but are probably best suited to areas receiving 1,000 - 2,000 mm[310 ]. Unlike many tropical legumes, it can compete successfully with sward-forming grasses[310 ]. It grows best when mean monthly temperatures are above about 20°c. Although tops are cut by frost, plants regrow vigorously with the onset of warmth and moisture[310 ]. During very dry conditions, top growth may die off, but rhizomes mostly survive, providing a nucleus for recovery[310 ]. Grows successfully on soils with textures ranging from sands to clays provided they are well-drained[310 ]. While apparently preferring acid soils, it has produced good yields on neutral to slightly alkaline soils[310 ]. It grows well on soils low in phosphorus[310 ] Grows well on infertile or fertile soils, but may suffer from excessive grass competition on the latter. Appears to be less P-demanding than A. pintoi .This species has a symbiotic relationship with certain soil bacteria, these bacteria form nodules on the roots and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Some of this nitrogen is utilized by the growing plant but some can also be used by other plants growing nearby[200 ]. When planting in new areas, it is generally not necessary to inoculate the rhizomes[310 ]. Four cultivars have been released in Florida: 'Arb', 'Arblick', 'Florigraze' and 'Arbrook'. 'Arb' and 'Arblick' were selected initially, based on productivity and spreading ability respectively; 'Florigraze' was selected because it combined both characteristics, and 'Arbrook', the most recent release, because it is more drought-tolerant than 'Florigraze' but is of similar productivity[310 ]. One accession known as the Maiwa peanut (probably the Australian accession CPI 12121) has persisted well in Indonesia[310 ].

Carbon Farming

  • Agroforestry Services: Nitrogen  Plants that contribute to nitrogen fixation include the legume family – Fabaceae.
  • Agroforestry Services: Understory legume  Legume vegetation, especially the trees and shrubs growing between the forest canopy and the forest floor.
  • Management: Fodder  Non-destructive management systems maintaining the soil organic carbon.
  • Management: Hay  Cut to the ground and harvested annually. Non-destructive management systems maintaining the soil organic carbon.
  • Minor Global Crop  These crops are already grown or traded around the world, but on a smaller scale than the global perennial staple and industrial crops, The annual value of a minor global crop is under $1 billion US. Examples include shea, carob, Brazil nuts and fibers such as ramie and sisal.

References   Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information

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Propagation

Despite often dense flowering, few seeds are set, except in some accessions prior to dense sward development[310 ]. Seedlings are usually quite large before they form rhizomes[310 ]. The plant is best propagated from rhizomes. While pieces of rhizome as short as 5 cm may strike, it is generally considered best to plant 30 cm square pieces of rhizome mat about 1.8 metres apart[310 ]. Alternatively, the rhizomes can be teased out, broadcast over the soil surface and disked in[310 ]. Rhizomes are planted at a depth of 3 cm in clay soils to 6.5 cm in coarse sands[310 ]. A clean seed-bed is preferable, to minimize competition for the developing plants[310 ]. Ideally, rhizomes should be produced in sandy soils for ease of digging[310 ]. Planting appears to be most successful when rhizomes are dormant[310 ]. With adequate temperature and moisture, shoots usually emerge 2 - 3 weeks after planting; dense swards develop as rhizomes form and extend the margins of the stand at up to 2 metres per year in the absence of competition, or 5 - 30 cm per year with grass competition[310 ].

Other Names

If available other names are mentioned here

Creeping forage peanut, Rhizoma peanut, Rhizoma perennial peanut, Perennial forage peanut, Golden Glory, Ornamental Peanut Grass; Portuguese common names included Amendoim-forrageiro, Amendoim-bravo, Amendoim-do-campo-baixo

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Found In

Countries where the plant has been found are listed here if the information is available

Argentina, Asia, Brazil, China, Paraguay, South America, Uruguay

Weed Potential

Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section. Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status : This taxon has not yet been assessed

Related Plants
Latin NameCommon NameHabitHeightHardinessGrowthSoilShadeMoistureEdibleMedicinalOther
Arachis hypogaeaPeanutAnnual0.3 7-10  LMHNM424
Arachis pintoiPinto peanutPerennial0.3 8-12 FLMHFSNMWe003

Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.

 

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Author

Benth.

Botanical References

Links / References

For a list of references used on this page please go here
A special thanks to Ken Fern for some of the information used on this page.

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