Trillium smallii - Maxim.

Common Name

Family

Trilliaceae

USDA hardiness

4-8

Known Hazards

None known

Habitats

Woods in foothills all over Japan[58]. Also found in grassy places in mountains and occasionally in stony places by the sea[42].

Range

E. Asia - Japan.

Edibility Rating

(1 of 5)

Other Uses

(0 of 5)

Weed Potential

Medicinal Rating

(0 of 5)

Care (info)

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Summary

Physical Characteristics

Trillium smallii is a PERENNIAL growing to 0.4 m (1ft 4in).
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 5. It is in flower from April to June. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It can grow in full shade (deep woodland) semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.

UK Hardiness Map US Hardiness Map

Synonyms

Plant Habitats

Woodland Garden Dappled Shade; Shady Edge; not Deep Shade;

Edible Uses

Edible Parts: Fruit
Edible Uses:

Fruit[58, 105, 177]. No more details are given.

References More on Edible Uses

Medicinal Uses

Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.

None known

References More on Medicinal Uses

Other Uses

None known

Special Uses

References More on Other Uses

Cultivation details

Prefers a deep well-drained woodland or humus-rich soil in a somewhat shady position that remains moist in the summer[1, 42]. Prefers a neutral to slightly acid soil[200]. Grows well in open woodland[1]. Succeeds in deep shade[188]. Succeeds in a sunny position if the soil does not dry out[42]. Any transplanting is best done whilst the plants are in flower[200]. Plants can flower in two years from seed[138]. Members of this genus are rarely if ever troubled by browsing deer or rabbits[233], though slugs are very fond of the leaves[238].

References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information

Temperature Converter

Type a value in the Celsius field to convert the value to Fahrenheit:

Celsius Fahrenheit:

Plant Propagation

Seed - best sown in a shaded cold frame as soon as it is ripe[134, 200]. Stored seed should be sown in late winter or early spring. Seed usually germinates within 1 - 3 months at 15°c. Another report says that seeds produce a root after the first cold stratification but no shoot is produced until after a second winter[138], whilst yet another report says that the seed can take 3 years to germinate[238]. The seedlings are prone to damp off and must therefore be watered with care and given plenty of fresh air[138]. The young plants need to be overwintered in a cold frame for the first year and can then be planted out in late spring. It is very important that the pots become neither too dry nor too wet[138]. Division with care when the plants die down after flowering[200]. Larger divisions can be planted out direct into their permanent positions. We have found that it is best to pot up smaller divisions and grow them on in light shade in a greenhouse or cold frame until they are growing away well. Plant them out in the following spring.

Other Names

If available other names are mentioned here

Native Range

TEMPERATE ASIA: Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku)

Weed Potential

Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section. Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it's worth checking.

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :

IUCN Red List

Related Plants

Latin Name	Common Name	Habit	Height	Hardiness	Growth	Soil	Shade	Moisture	Edible	Medicinal
Trillium erectum	Beth Root - Indian Balm, Red trillium, Wakerobin, Purple Trillium	Perennial	0.4	4-9	S	LMH	FSN	M	2	3
Trillium grandiflorum	White Trillium, Large Flower Trillium, White Trillium, Large Flower Wakerobin, Large Flowered Tril	Perennial	0.4	4-9	S	LMH	FSN	M	1	2
Trillium kamtschaticum		Perennial	0.3	4-8		LMH	FSN	M	1	2
Trillium ovatum	Wakerobin, Pacific trillium, Oettinger's trillium, Hibberson's trillium	Perennial	0.4	4-8		LMH	FSN	M	1	1
Trillium pendulum		Perennial	0.3	-		LMH	FSN	M	0	1
Trillium sessile	Toadshade	Perennial	0.4	4-8		LMH	FSN	M	2	1
Trillium tschonoskii		Perennial	0.2	4-8		LMH	FSN	M	1	2
Trillium undulatum	Painted Trillium	Perennial	0.2	4-8		LMH	FSN	M	1	1

Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.

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Expert comment

Author

Maxim.

Botanical References

58200

Links / References

For a list of references used on this page please go here