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| Dave Powell, USDA Forest Service |
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Summary
Physical Characteristics
Populus deltoides monilifera is a deciduous Tree growing to 30 m (98ft 5in) at a fast rate.
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 2. It is in flower from April to May, and the seeds ripen from May to June. The species is dioecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if seed is required). and is pollinated by Wind. The plant is not self-fertile.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers moist soil.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
P. deltoides occidentalis. P. sargentii. Dode.
Plant Habitats
Woodland Garden Canopy;
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Inner bark Leaves Shoots
Edible Uses: Gum
Inner bark[105, 161, 177]. A pleasant sweet flavour[257]. There are no more details but inner bark is often dried, ground into a powder and then used as a thickener in soups etc or added to cereals when making bread. Young shoots - cooked[105, 161, 177]. The cottony fruit has been used by children as a chewing gum[257]. (This almost certainly refers to the seedpods[K])
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
Anodyne Antiinflammatory Febrifuge Poultice
The bark of most, if not all members of the genus contain salicin, a glycoside that probably decomposes into salicylic acid (aspirin) in the body[213, 238]. The bark is therefore anodyne, anti-inflammatory and febrifuge. It is used especially in treating rheumatism and fevers, and also to relieve the pain of menstrual cramps[238]. The seed down has been used as an absorbent dressing on open sores[257].
References More on Medicinal Uses
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Other Uses
Dye Gum Rooting hormone Wood
An extract of the shoots can be used as a rooting hormone for all types of cuttings. It is extracted by soaking the chopped up shoots in cold water for a day[172]. A yellow dye is obtained from the seedpods[257]. A yellow dye is obtained from the leaf buds[257]. Wood - soft, rather woolly in texture, without smell or taste, of low flammability, not durable, very resistant to abrasion[11]. It weighs about 22lb per cubic foot[235] and is used for posts, veneer, baskets and fuel[229].
Special Uses
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
An easily grown plant that does well in a heavy cold damp soil[1]. Prefers a deep rich well-drained circumneutral soil, growing best in the south and east of Britain[11, 200]. Growth is much less on wet soils, on poor acid soils and on thin dry soils[11]. It does not do well in exposed upland sites[11]. It dislikes shade and is intolerant of root or branch competition[200]. A fast-growing but short-lived species, it reaches maturity in 40 - 50 years and rarely lives as long as 100 years[229]. Like the quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) the leaves of this species rustle even in light breezes[274]. Poplars have very extensive and aggressive root systems that can invade and damage drainage systems. Especially when grown on clay soils, they should not be planted within 12 metres of buildings since the root system can damage the building's foundations by drying out the soil[11]. Dioecious. Male and female plants must be grown if seed is required. Hybridizes freely with other members of this genus[200].
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
Temperature Converter
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Plant Propagation
Seed - must be sown as soon as it is ripe in spring[113]. Poplar seed has an extremely short period of viability and needs to be sown within a few days of ripening[200]. Surface sow or just lightly cover the seed in trays in a cold frame. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle and grow them on in the old frame. If sufficient growth is made, it might be possible to plant them out in late summer into their permanent positions, otherwise keep them in the cold frame until the following late spring and then plant them out. Most poplar species hybridize freely with each other, so the seed may not come true unless it is collected from the wild in areas with no other poplar species growing[11]. Cuttings of mature wood of the current season's growth, 20 - 40cm long, November/December in a sheltered outdoor bed or direct into their permanent positions. Very easy. Suckers in early spring[78].
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
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Found In
Countries where the plant has been found are listed here if the information is available
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
| Related Plants
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| Latin Name | Common Name | Habit | Height | Hardiness | Growth | Soil | Shade | Moisture | Edible | Medicinal | Other |
| Populus alba | White Poplar | Tree | 20.0 |
3-9
| F | LMH | N | DM | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Populus angustifolia | Narrowleaf Cottonwood | Tree | 30.0 |
3-7
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| Populus 'Balsam Spire' | Tacatricho 32 | Tree | 30.0 |
4-8
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 3 | 2 |
| Populus balsamifera | Balsam Poplar, Black cottonwood | Tree | 30.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| Populus ciliata | Himalayan Poplar | Tree | 20.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Populus deltoides | Eastern Cottonwood, Plains cottonwood, Rio Grande cottonwood, Necklace Poplar | Tree | 30.0 |
3-9
| F | LMH | N | M | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| Populus deltoides wislizenii | Rio Grande Cottonwood | Tree | 30.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | M | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Populus euphratica | | Tree | 15.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | MWe | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Populus fremontii | Cottonwood, Fremont cottonwood, Fremont Poplar, Western Cottonwood | Tree | 25.0 |
2-9
| F | LMH | N | DM | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Populus grandidentata | Canadian Aspen, Bigtooth aspen | Tree | 20.0 |
2-5
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus heterophylla | Swamp Cottonwood | Tree | 25.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus hybrids | Hybrid poplar | Tree | 50.0 |
2-10
| F | LMH | SN | DM | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Populus maximowiczii | Doronoki, Japanese poplar | Tree | 30.0 |
4-8
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus nigra | Black Poplar, Lombardy poplar | Tree | 30.0 |
3-9
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Populus pseudosimonii | | Tree | 20.0 |
0-0
| | LMH | N | M | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus sieboldii | Japanese Aspen | Tree | 20.0 |
4-8
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus simonii | Simon poplar, Chinese Poplar | Tree | 30.0 |
2-5
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus tremula | Aspen Poplar, European aspen, Aspen | Tree | 18.0 |
2-5
| F | LMH | SN | MWe | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Populus tremuloides | American Aspen - Poplar, Quaking aspen | Tree | 20.0 |
2-5
| F | LMH | N | DM | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| Populus trichocarpa | Western Balsam Poplar, Black cottonwood | Tree | 40.0 |
4-8
| F | LMH | N | M | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Populus x canadensis | Canadian Poplar, Carolina Poplar | Tree | 40.0 |
4-9
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Populus x canescens | Grey Poplar | Tree | 30.0 |
4-9
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Populus x jackii | Balm Of Gilead | Tree | 30.0 |
0-0
| F | LMH | N | M | 0 | 3 | 2 |
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Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
Expert comment
Author
(Aiton.)Eckenw.
Botanical References
1182200
Links / References
For a list of references used on this page please go here
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Subject : Populus deltoides monilifera
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