A manna is produced by the plants in response to insect damage to the stems[2, 105]. It is sweet and mucilaginous[105]. There is some confusion over whether the manna is produced by the plant, or whether it is an exudation from the insects[4]. The insects in question live in the deserts around Israel, it is not known if the manna can be produced in Britain[K].

Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.


The branchlets and the leaves are astringent and diuretic[7]. An external compress is applied to wounds to stop the bleeding[7]. The manna produced on the plant is detergent, expectorant and laxative[240]. Galls produced on the plant as a result of insect damage are astringent[240]. They are used in the treatment of diarrhoea and dysentery[240].

Very tolerant of maritime exposure, it makes a good shelter hedge in coastal gardens[7, 11, 49, 75]. It dislikes being trimmed[75]. The plant has a rather open habit, however, and so is not tremendously effective at reducing wind speeds[K]. The extensive root system of this plant makes it suitable for use in erosion control in sandy soils[149]. The plant contains a high level of tannin[7]. Galls produced on the plant as a result of insect damage contain up to 40% tannin[240]. The tannin can be used as a dyestuff for fabrics[7]. (No details are given about the colour, though it is likely to be some shade of brown.) Wood - fairly hard, not strong, close grained, takes a high polish, it is often twisted or knotty[61, 149, 227]. Used for general construction, poles, turnery[61, 149]. It makes a good fuel, burning well even when green due to the wax content of the wood[74].

Special Uses