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Summary
Solanum quitoense, Naranjilla, is a subtropical perennial plant with large heartshaped or oval-shaped leaves and growing usually up to 3 m in height. It is shortlived and can flower and fruit all year round. It is hairy or thorny. The bright orange fruits, produced in clusters on the trunk, are eaten raw or cooked, mainly used in sauces and preserves. The flowers are pale violet. Naranjilla has no known medicinal value. It is propagated by seed sowing, cuttings, or grafting.
Physical Characteristics
Solanum quitoense is a deciduous Shrub growing to 2.5 m (8ft) by 2.5 m (8ft) at a fast rate.
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 10. The flowers are pollinated by Insects. The plant is self-fertile.
Suitable for: light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil. The plant is not wind tolerant.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
Solanum angulatum Ruiz & Pav. Solanum macrocarpon Molina Solanum nollanum Britton Solanum quitense K
Plant Habitats
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Fruit
Edible Uses: Drink
Fruit - raw or cooked. It is used mainly in sauces and preserves[300 ]. The tart yet sweet flavour is very refreshing[435 ]. The pulp is very juicy[46 ]. The juice, which is rich in protein and minerals, is used in effervescent drinks[300 ]. The hairs on the skin of the fruit are removed before the fruit is eaten[310 ]. The fruit is up to 5cm in diameter[300 ] and is produced in clusters of 3 - 4 fruits[335 ].
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
Skin
None known
References More on Medicinal Uses
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Other Uses
Cosmetic Hair Soap
An extract of the fruit is used as an ingredient in commercial cosmetic preparations as a hair and skin conditioner[1243
].
The fruit is used as a hair shampoo[1783
]. Suitable for Pots.
Special Uses
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
Plants can be grown from quite low elevations in the tropics up to an elevation of 2,500 metres or more[300 ]. They do not do well in hot, lowland tropical areas[335 ]. They appear to be tolerant of temperatures up to about 30°c[300 ], but are intolerant of frost[335 ]. They prefer an annual precipitation of around 1,500mm fairly evenly spread through the year since dry periods can lead to a check in growth[300 ]. Plants generally prefer a sunny position, but at lowland elevations they will often benefit from light shade[300 ]. Can succeed in a range of soils so long as they are rich in organic matter[300 ]. Prefers a light, fertile, well-drained soil[335 ]. Prefers a pH in the range 6.5 - 7, tolerating 5.8 - 8[418 ]. Grows best in a position sheltered from strong winds[335 ]. Introduced into the Galapagos by settlers, it is considered to be invasive there[305 ]. Seedling plants generally commence fruiting when about 10 - 13 months old[335 ]. Annual yields of 1 - 2 tonnes of fruit per hectare are obtained[310 ]. Plants can flower and fruit all year round[335 ]. The flowers are hermaphrodite and plants are usually self-fertile[335 ]. The plant is susceptible to attack by nematodes and other pests, limiting its cultivation. In recent years its has been hybridized with various species, especially with S. Sessiliflorum, with the result that most plants grown and served in Ecuador comes from this hybrid. The hybrid can be distinguished from the true lulo by the colour of its fruit pulp: pure Solanum quitoense has bright green fruit pulp, whereas the hybrids most often have yellowish or, at most, light greenish fruit pulp[435 ]. Flowering Time: Mid Summer. Bloom Color: White/Near White. Spacing: 24-36 in. (60-90 cm).
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
Temperature Converter
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Plant Propagation
Seed - sow in a seedbed or in containers. Plant out when 10 - 15cm tall[300 ].
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Naranjilla, Quito Orange, Golden Fruit of the Andes, Bed of Nails, Lulos, Toronja, Quito orange, Morelle de quito, Golden fruit of the Andes, Naranjilo, Lulo.
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Found In
Countries where the plant has been found are listed here if the information is available
Amazon, Andes*, Asia, Australia, Brazil, Central America, Colombia*, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Hawaii, Mexico, Pacific, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, PNG, Philippines, SE Asia, South America, Tasmania, USA, Venezuela.
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
Introduced into the Galapagos by settlers, it is considered to be invasive there[305 ].
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status : This taxon has not yet been assessed
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| Latin Name | Common Name | Habit | Height | Hardiness | Growth | Soil | Shade | Moisture | Edible | Medicinal | Other |
| Solanum aethiopicum | Mock Tomato, Ethiopian nightshade | Shrub | 2.5 |
10-12
| | LMH | N | M | 3 | 2 | 2 |
| Solanum ajanhuiri | Ajanhuiri | Perennial | 0.0 |
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| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Solanum americanum | American Nightshade, American black nightshade | Annual | 1.0 |
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| | LMH | N | M | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Solanum andigenum | Andigena | Perennial | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Solanum aviculare | Kangaroo Apple, New Zealand nightshade | Shrub | 1.8 |
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| | LMH | N | M | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Solanum boreale | | Perennial | 0.0 |
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| | LMH | N | M | 1 | 0 | |
| Solanum boyacense | | Perennial | 0.0 |
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| | LMH | N | M | 1 | 0 | |
| Solanum cari | | Perennial | 0.0 |
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| | LMH | SN | M | 1 | 0 | |
| Solanum carolinense | Horse Nettle, Carolina horsenettle | Perennial | 1.0 |
3-7
| | LMH | SN | M | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Solanum chaucha | Chaucha | Perennial | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 1 | 0 | |
| Solanum curtilobum | Rucki | Perennial | 0.0 |
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| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Solanum dulcamara | Bittersweet. Bittersweet Nightshade, Climbing nightshade, Bittersweet, Deadly Nightshade, Poisonous | Perennial Climber | 2.5 |
4-8
| M | LMH | SN | M | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Solanum fendleri | Wild Potato, Fendler's horsenettle, Texan horsenettle | Perennial | 0.0 |
0-0
| | LMH | N | M | 3 | 2 | |
| Solanum jamesii | Colorado Wild Potato, Wild potato | Perennial | 0.2 |
8-11
| | LMH | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Solanum juzepczukii | Rucki | Perennial | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Solanum kurzii | | Perennial | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 1 | 0 | |
| Solanum laciniatum | Kangaroo Apple | Shrub | 3.0 |
8-11
| | LMH | N | M | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Solanum linearifolium | Mountain Kangaroo Apple | Shrub | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Solanum liximitante | | Perennial | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 1 | 0 | |
| Solanum luteum | | Annual | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 1 | 0 | |
| Solanum lycopersicum | Tomato, Garden Tomato | Annual | 2.0 |
10-12
| F | LMH | N | M | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| Solanum lyratum | | Perennial Climber | 2.0 |
-
| | LMH | N | M | 1 | 2 | |
| Solanum maglia | | Perennial | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Solanum melongena | Aubergine, Eggplant | Perennial | 1.0 |
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| | LMH | N | M | 3 | 2 | |
| Solanum muricatum | Pepino | Shrub | 1.0 |
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| | LMH | N | M | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| Solanum nigrum | Black Nightshade, Common Nightshade, Poisonberry, Black Nightshade | Annual | 0.6 |
0-0
| | LMH | N | DM | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Solanum paniculatum | Jurubeba, Nightshade | Shrub | 2.0 |
10-12
| F | LMH | SN | M | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Solanum phureja | Phureja, Nightshade | Perennial | 0.0 |
8-11
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | |
| Solanum piliferum | | Perennial | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | N | M | 2 | 0 | |
| Solanum pimpinellifolium | Currant Tomato | Annual/Biennial | 1.0 |
10-12
| F | LMH | N | M | 4 | 2 | 2 |
|
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Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
Expert comment
Author
Lam.
Botanical References
Links / References
For a list of references used on this page please go here
A special thanks to Ken Fern for some of the information used on this page.
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