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Summary
Physical Characteristics
Citrus japonica is an evergreen Shrub growing to 2.5 m (8ft 2in).
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 9 and is frost tender. It is in leaf all year. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs).
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
Citrus japonica.
Plant Habitats
Edible Uses
Fruit - usually cooked and used in jellies, preserves etc[183] or used as a flavouring, but it can also be eaten raw. The whole fruit, including the peel, is eaten[3, 132]. The fruit is acid whilst the peel is sweet[3, 132]. The peel is golden-yellow, smooth, thinner and somewhat sweeter than the oval kumquat, F. margarita[183]. The fruit is rich in pectin and makes excellent marmalades and jellies[240]. Vitamin C content is up to 0.24 mg/cc[240]. The fruit is about 4cm long[260].
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
The plant is antiphlogistic, antivinous, carminative, deodorant, stimulant[178, 218]. The leaves and fruit contain an essential oil, whilst the fruit also contains sugars and organic acids[283]. The fresh fruit is antitussive and expectorant - in Vietnam it is steamed with sugar candy and used in the treatment of sore throats[283]. It is said to be very good for infants[283].
References More on Medicinal Uses
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Other Uses
The fresh leaves and young twigs yield 0.21% essential oil that might be suitable for perfumery[240].
Special Uses
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
Prefers a moderately heavy loam with a generous amount of compost and sand added and a very sunny position[200]. Prefers a pH of 5 to 6[200]. Plants are intolerant of water logging[200]. This species is not hardy in the colder areas of the country, when dormant it tolerates temperatures down to about -5°c[200]. The young growth in spring, even on mature plants, is frost-tender and so it is best to grow the plants in a position sheltered from the early morning sun[K]. Kumquats are widely cultivated in China for their edible fruit, there are many named varieties[3]. The plant is less vigorous, somewhat thorny and considerably more cold tolerant[183] (the report gives no details of what this is in comparison to!). Kumquats are hardier than the various Citrus species since they cease growth when temperatures drop below 13°c but, for best results, it is best to grow them in a climate where temperatures do not fall lower than between 4 and 10°c[3]. This is because the fruit is sweeter when it ripens in warm conditions[3].
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
Temperature Converter
Type a value in the Celsius field to convert the value to Fahrenheit:
Fahrenheit:
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Plant Propagation
Seed - best sown as soon as it is ripe in a warm airy position in a greenhouse. When they are large enough to handle, prick out the seedlings into individual pots and grow them on in a greenhouse for at least their first two winters. Plant out in late spring or early summer after the last expected frosts and give some winter protection from the cold for a year or two.
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Native Range
TEMPERATE ASIA: China (Guangdong Sheng, Zhejiang Sheng), Hong Kong
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
| Related Plants
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| Latin Name | Common Name | Habit | Height | Hardiness | Growth | Soil | Shade | Moisture | Edible | Medicinal | Other |
| Citrus aurantiifolia | Lime, Key Lime, Mexican Lime, Mexican Thornless Key Lime | Tree | 6.0 |
10-12
| M | LMH | N | M | 4 | 2 | 3 |
| Citrus aurantium | Bitter Orange, Sour orange, Bergamot orange | Tree | 9.0 |
8-11
| | MH | N | M | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Citrus hystrix | Kaffir Lime | Shrub | 6.0 |
9-12
| M | LMH | N | M | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| Citrus ichangensis | Ichang Papeda | Shrub | 4.5 |
7-10
| | LMH | N | M | 2 | 2 | |
| Citrus latifolia | Citrus Tahitian Lime | Tree | 5.0 |
9-11
| M | LMH | S | M | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Citrus limon | Lemon | Shrub | 3.0 |
8-11
| M | MH | N | M | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| Citrus reticulata | Mandarin, Tangerine, Unshu orange, Satsuma Orange,Temple Orange, Tangerine | Tree | 4.5 |
9-11
| | MH | N | M | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Citrus sinensis | Sweet Orange | Tree | 9.0 |
9-11
| | MH | N | M | 4 | 3 | 3 |
| Citrus x meyeri | Lemon | Shrub | 3.0 |
8-11
| M | MH | N | M | 3 | 5 | 5 |
| Citrus x paradisi | Grapefruit, Pomelo, Pamplemousse | Tree | 7.0 |
9-11
| M | LMH | N | S | 4 | 1 | 1 |
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Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
Expert comment
Author
(Thunb.)Swingle.
Botanical References
200275
Links / References
For a list of references used on this page please go here
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Subject : Citrus japonica
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